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Immune System
This category is for questions about how our bodies identify and fight off disease, infection or pathogens through specialized cells, tissues and organs. The system that does this is called the immune system. It produces antibodies which recognize intruders and neutralizes potentially pathogenic organisms or substances.
4,548 Questions
How does the appendix help to the immune system of the body?
As of yet, the purpose of the appendix in the human body is not known. It is simply there and is often removed. Anyhow, appendix do play role in fetal development and adult.In fetus appendix act as a endocrine organ and in adult they help our body immune system to combat against microbes as it 'train' our immune system by exposing antigens to lymphoid cells in order to produce antibody.
An immune system is a collection of mechanisms within an organism that protects against disease by identifying and killing pathogens and tumor cells. It detects a wide variety of agents, from viruses to parasitic worms, and needs to distinguish them from the organism's own healthy cells and tissues in order to function properly. Detection is complicated as pathogens can evolve rapidly, producing adaptations that avoid the immune system and allow the pathogens to successfully infect their hosts.
To survive this challenge, multiple mechanisms evolved that recognize and neutralize pathogens. Even simple unicellular organisms such as bacteria possess enzyme systems that protect against viral infections. Other basic immune mechanisms evolved in ancient eukaryotes and remain in their modern descendants, such as plants, fish, reptiles, and insects. These mechanisms include antimicrobial peptides called defensins, phagocytes, and the complement system. Vertebrates such as humans have even more sophisticated defense mechanisms.[1] The immune systems of vertebrates consist of many types of proteins, cells, organs, and tissues, which interact in an elaborate and dynamic network. As part of this more complex immune response, the human immune system adapts over time to recognize specific pathogens more efficiently. This adaptation process is referred to as "adaptive immunity" or "acquired immunity" and creates immunological memory. Immunological memory created from a primary response to a specific pathogen, provides an enhanced response to secondary encounters with that same, specific pathogen. This process of acquired immunity is the basis of vaccination.
Disorders in the immune system can result in disease. Immunodeficiency diseases occur when the immune system is less active than normal, resulting in recurring and life-threatening infections. Immunodeficiency can either be the result of a genetic disease, such as severe combined immunodeficiency, or be produced by pharmaceuticals or an infection, such as the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
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How many systems do humans have?
There is the
endocrine system
cardiovascular system
skeletalmuscular system
respiratory system
gastrointestinal system
genitourinal system
neurovascular system
and the skin.
Can urine carry bloodborne pathogens and how would you clean it up?
IN A NORMAL SITUATION, when (healthy) urine comes out of your body, it is sterile. Urine, for the purpose of spreading B B Pathogens, is not considered a "bodily fluid" like blood, semen and vaginal secretions. HOWEVER, in cases of illness or disease where there is blood in the urine, I imagine it could spread a B B Pathogen. For personal cleansing I would use a good antibacterial scrub, such as surgical scrub PREPODYNE. For surface cleansing, I would use bleach. <<
What are intracranial space occupying lesion?
Intracranial space occupying lesions are tumors or abscesses present within the cranium or skull.They are one of the three types of lesions that can occur; the other two are vascular (thrombosis, emboli etc) and lesions due to trauma.
Toxoplasmosis (caused by protozoa Toxoplasma Gondii) is an example of a space occupying lesion of the brain. It is one of the infestation of HIV when it turns into AIDS in the central nervous system.
Is MHC class 1 the same as HLA class 1?
The answer previously here about MHC referring to mice and HLA referring to humans is catagorically untrue! HLA and MHC are in fact the same, so HLA class 1 = MHC class 1. Same goes for class 2.
What do you have to provide to get a temporary tag?
Its going to be different from state to state but a prior registration for that vehicle in your name, or a title either in your name or signed over to you with a bill of sale, or a dealers report of sale document.
Does defragmenting the system multiple times in a row help the system run more smoothly?
From my experience, the answer would be no. The only circumstances in which defrag makes any noticeable change in system performance is if it's an old Windows 98 computer with a small hard drive that is almost filled to capacity. Just so you know, I'd consider small less than 10GB. If your system has Windows XP, you're pretty much wasting time by running defrag. It will probably do it's job of moving fragments back to their appropriate space on the disk, but you'll never even notice the difference. :) Goodluck!
How do you secure loose teeth in a partial plate?
It's not really recommended you do it yourself if you get the tooth/teeth in the wrong place the plate won't fit. Take the plate to your dentist for advice or go to a dental technician as many do repairs while you wait
A sign of inflammation is swelling, heat , and pain in the affected area. Treatment of inflammation is rest, NSAID's (non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs), and ice.
When someone is very angry they may temporarily forget things and have their memory affected. Anger has a powerful effect on the body.
Is lymphocyte an arganulocyte?
Yes, there are 3 types of lymphocytes and all are an agranulocytes. The 3 types are B cells, T cells, and NK cells.
In terms of chemistry, a titer is a specific way to express a solution's concentration. The process of titer testing uses serial dilution to obtain quantitative information that is either negative or positive.
Are pigs immune to snake venom?
Pigs are not immune to snake venom. This is a common misconception because pigs skin is tough to bite through for a snake to reach any blood vessels, therefore leading people to believe they are immune.
What is the phases to healing inflammation?
Correct your diet to allow for natural sources of Omega 3, and supplement where necessary.
Edward Jenner discovered which vaccine?
Edward Anthony Jenner was an English physician and scientist from Berkeley, Gloucestershire, who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine. He is often called "the father of immunology", and his work is said to have "saved more lives than the work of any other man".
A microscope that uses antibodies that glow to reveal the location of a protein in a cell is the?
immunofluorescene microscope.
White blood cells.
With a Rh plus mother and a Rh- fetus will either develop antibodies against Rh antigens?
no
when Rh negative blood from the fetus interacts with Rh+ blood of the mother there will be no antibodies produced due to absence of antigen on the Rh- blood cells
and when Rh positive is mixed with Rh negative blood of fetus no response is produced due to the fact that the fetus has an underdeveloped immune system
