Law School

Arabella Mansfield (née Belle Aurelia Babb) was the first woman to pass the bar exam when she did so on June 9, 1868. She was admitted to the Iowa bar in 1869. However, rather than practicing law, Mansfield (and her husband John Mansfield, a chemistry professor) chose to focus on academic careers.

Myra Bradwell (née Myra Colby) passed the Illinois bar exam in 1869. She applied to practice law in Illinois but was prevented from doing so, due to gender, until 1892.

When Bradwell appealed to the US Supreme Court that she be allowed to practice law Associate Justice Joseph P. Bradley stated in the decision to decline to her appeal:

The natural and proper timidity and delicacy which belongs to the female sex evidently unfits it for many occupations of civil life... The paramount destiny and mission of women are to fulfill the noble and benign office of wife and mother. This is the law of the Creator. In 1892, the US Supreme Court granted Bradwell a law license retroactive to the date of her application. In addition, Myra Bradwell was the first woman to join a bar association.

there are 511 sections in ipc ( indian penal code)

Yes, any bachelor's degree will work. The school wants to see a good history of study with good grades.

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Answer 1 it is always beneficial two be bi-lingual however it is not a necessity for law school. === === I thought that Latin was required! I know that it is indispensible for translating all the Latin used in the legal system.

For the source and detailed information concerning your request, click on the related links section indicated below. It will take you too the U.S. Census Bureau educational statistics area.

In common law countries, law schools generally admit students who graduated from university with excellent grades.

Law school involves three years of intensive study. Law is taught primarily by the casebook method. During your three years at law school you will study approximately 10,000 cases.

You will be expected to discuss those cases in class and your comments will be subject to scrutiny by both your professors and fellow students.

Depending on one's aptitude for law, a student may or may not find the study of law "hard." However, every law student finds the study of law to be very time consuming.

Take heart, however. If you have been admitted into a law school, you have the ability to succeed. If you read the assigned material, attend classes diligently, take good notes, and start preparing for the exams around the middle of the term, you will pass.

Harvard Law School 1563 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138

Harvard University, Yale and many others have conferred honorary doctor of law (LLD) degrees. These degrees are conferred on those of exemplary life experience, achievements and contributions to humanity.

Bill Clinton went to Georgetown University (BS)University College, Oxford (attended)Yale University (JD)

There is no clear answer to this question.

Many actions that are malum prohibitum are so because malum in se results indirectly.

For example, smoking marijuana is not necessarily wrong (recreationally legal in Amsterdam, and legal CA for medicinal purposes). Financially supporting drug lords that hurt innocent people is wrong. Becoming a lazy drug-user with no redeeming social value is also wrong.

There are some good general rules for malum in se

Was harm caused willfully for personal gain? Mostly Yes

Was harm neither caused nor intended? Mostly No

Then you can question what harm is. Stealing a persons money from their wallet is wrong. Bankrupting them by opening a business that competes with theirs is fair game.

That information isn't a matter of public record.

Formal requirements to become a lawyer usually include a 4-year college degree, 3 years of law school, and passing a written bar examination; however, some requirements may vary by State. Competition for admission to most law schools is intense. Federal courts and agencies set their own qualifications for those practicing before or in them. Education and training.Becoming a lawyer usually takes 7 years of full-time study after high school-4 years of undergraduate study, followed by 3 years of law school. Law school applicants must have a bachelor's degree to qualify for admission. To meet the needs of students who can attend only part time, a number of law schools have night or part-time divisions. Although there is no recommended "prelaw" undergraduate major, prospective lawyers should develop proficiency in writing and speaking, reading, researching, analyzing, and thinking logically-skills needed to succeed both in law school and in the law. Regardless of major, a multidisciplinary background is recommended. Courses in English, foreign languages, public speaking, government, philosophy, history, economics, mathematics, and computer science, among others, are useful. Students interested in a particular aspect of law may find related courses helpful. For example, prospective patent lawyers need a strong background in engineering or science, and future tax lawyers must have extensive knowledge of accounting. Acceptance by most law schools depends on the applicant's ability to demonstrate an aptitude for the study of law, usually through undergraduate grades, the Law School Admission Test (LSAT), the quality of the applicant's undergraduate school, any prior work experience, and sometimes, a personal interview. However, law schools vary in the weight they place on each of these and other factors. All law schools approved by the American Bar Association require applicants to take the LSAT. As of 2006, there were 195 ABA-accredited law schools; others were approved by State authorities only. Nearly all law schools require applicants to have certified transcripts sent to the Law School Data Assembly Service, which then submits the applicants' LSAT scores and their standardized records of college grades to the law schools of their choice. The Law School Admission Council administers both this service and the LSAT. Competition for admission to many law schools-especially the most prestigious ones-is usually intense, with the number of applicants greatly exceeding the number that can be admitted. During the first year or year and a half of law school, students usually study core courses, such as constitutional law, contracts, property law, torts, civil procedure, and legal writing. In the remaining time, they may choose specialized courses in fields such as tax, labor, or corporate law. Law students often gain practical experience by participating in school-sponsored legal clinics; in the school's moot court competitions, in which students conduct appellate arguments; in practice trials under the supervision of experienced lawyers and judges; and through research and writing on legal issues for the school's law journals. A number of law schools have clinical programs in which students gain legal experience through practice trials and projects under the supervision of lawyers and law school faculty. Law school clinical programs might include work in legal aid offices, for example, or on legislative committees. Part-time or summer clerkships in law firms, government agencies, and corporate legal departments also provide valuable experience. Such training can lead directly to a job after graduation and can help students decide what kind of practice best suits them. Law school graduates receive the degree of juris doctor (J.D.), a first professional degree. Advanced law degrees may be desirable for those planning to specialize, research, or teach. Some law students pursue joint degree programs, which usually require an additional semester or year of study. Joint degree programs are offered in a number of areas, including business administration or public administration. After graduation, lawyers must keep informed about legal and nonlegal developments that affect their practices. In 2006, 43 States and jurisdictions required lawyers to participate in mandatory continuing legal education. Many law schools and State and local bar associations provide continuing education courses that help lawyers stay abreast of recent developments. Some States allow continuing education credits to be obtained through participation in seminars on the Internet. Licensure.To practice law in the courts of any State or other jurisdiction, a person must be licensed, or admitted to its bar, under rules established by the jurisdiction's highest court. All States require that applicants for admission to the bar pass a written bar examination; most States also require applicants to pass a separate written ethics examination. Lawyers who have been admitted to the bar in one State occasionally may be admitted to the bar in another without taking another examination if they meet the latter jurisdiction's standards of good moral character and a specified period of legal experience. In most cases, however, lawyers must pass the bar examination in each State in which they plan to practice. Federal courts and agencies set their own qualifications for those practicing before or in them. To qualify for the bar examination in most States, an applicant must earn a college degree and graduate from a law school accredited by the American Bar Association (ABA) or the proper State authorities. ABA accreditation signifies that the law school, particularly its library and faculty, meets certain standards. With certain exceptions, graduates of schools not approved by the ABA are restricted to taking the bar examination and practicing in the State or other jurisdiction in which the school is located; most of these schools are in California. Although there is no nationwide bar examination, 48 States, the District of Columbia, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands require the 6-hour Multistate Bar Examination (MBE) as part of their overall bar examination; the MBE is not required in Louisiana or Washington. The MBE covers a broad range of issues, and sometimes a locally prepared State bar examination is given in addition to it. The 3-hour Multistate Essay Examination (MEE) is used as part of the bar examination in several States. States vary in their use of MBE and MEE scores. Many States also require Multistate Performance Testing to test the practical skills of beginning lawyers. Requirements vary by State, although the test usually is taken at the same time as the bar exam and is a one-time requirement. In 2007, law school graduates in 52 jurisdictions were required to pass the Multistate Professional Responsibility Examination (MPRE), which tests their knowledge of the ABA codes on professional responsibility and judicial conduct. In some States, the MPRE may be taken during law school, usually after completing a course on legal ethics. Other qualifications. The practice of law involves a great deal of responsibility. Individuals planning careers in law should like to work with people and be able to win the respect and confidence of their clients, associates, and the public. Perseverance, creativity, and reasoning ability also are essential to lawyers, who often analyze complex cases and handle new and unique legal problems. Advancement. Most beginning lawyers start in salaried positions. Newly hired attorneys usually start as associates and work with more experienced lawyers or judges. After several years, some lawyers are admitted to partnership in their firm, which means they are partial owners of the firm, or go into practice for themselves. Some experienced lawyers are nominated or elected to judgeships. (See the section on judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers elsewhere in the Handbook.) Others become full-time law school faculty or administrators; a growing number of these lawyers have advanced degrees in other fields as well. Some attorneys use their legal training in administrative or managerial positions in various departments of large corporations. A transfer from a corporation's legal department to another department often is viewed as a way to gain administrative experience and rise in the ranks of management. For the source and more detailed information concerning this subject, click on the related links section (U.S. Department of Labor) indicated below this answer box.

Copyright and privacy are two very different ideas, but both affect the dissemination of information.

Copyright law protects original creative works such as music, film, choreography, books, and more.

Privacy law protects individuals from unauthorized access to their information.

Say I take a photograph of my child at home. I have an expectation of privacy because I wasn't in a public area, and copyright in the photo is ascribed to me, because I created it. If you distribute this photo without my permission, you are violating my child's privacy and infringing my copyright.

In a criminal trial the jury is the "finder of fact". This means that the jury, as one, determines what to believe and what actually happened. The jury will determine what crime was committed. For example, the jury will determine if a person is guilty of murder or manslaughter.

Yes, there is no recommended or preferred degree to get into law school. However, you should take something that would apply to your intended law practice. If you plan on practicing criminal law then criminal justice would be appropriate. If you plan on practicing corporate law then a business degree would appear appropriate.

"lb" is the abbreviation of "pound", a unit of measurement pertaining to weight and/or mass.

The law is based upon property rights, based upon assumptions of ownership, that may or may not have an ethical basis. Once these assumptions have been made, the law attempts to govern the equitable resolution of disputes and is, in this sense, ethical. Lawyers and judges are also governed by very strict canons of ethics. By way of example, it might not be fair for one man to own ten houses and another to have none, but if the wealthier man seeks to oust the poorer as a tenant from his tenth house, the law will never consider the fairness of the disproportionate ownership of wealth, but will turn its attention to ensuring that the poorer man is fairly ousted and that he has received all of the notices and rights accorded him by law before he is ousted. Bozarts

Same as they do in a criminal case - listen to the testimony, the evidence, and the arguments and come to a verdict that they believe is correct.

Its possible to get around the law school requirement, yes (see CA state bar website). However, I highly recommend against wasting your thousands of dollars on a failed attempt. I'm aware of the various alternatives, like clerking for an attorney for many years, doing correspondence courses for 4 years, etc, which I'm not asking about (but did not make clear above) -- I'm specifically curious as to the question mentioned above: That is, by meeting the quoted requirement below, and not any other requirement, can you take the bar exam in California CA with just an ABA accredited LLM but no JD or foreign law degree?

Per official rules from:

http://calbar.ca.gov/calbar/pdfs/rules/Rules_Title4_Div1-Adm-Prac-Law.pdf

Rule 4.26 Legal education

General applicants for the California Bar Examination must

"(A) be graduates of law schools approved by the American Bar Association or accredited by the Committee; or"

(B) demonstrate that in accordance with these rules they have

(1) studied law diligently and in good faith for at least four years in a law school registered with the Committee; in a law office; in a judge's chambers; or by some combination of these methods; or

(2) met the requirements of these rules for legal education in a foreign state or country; and

(C) have passed or established exemption from the First-Year Law Students' Examination.

Can the "graduates of law schools approved by the American Bar Association" be satisfied by an ABA accredited LLM program, or does is it implicitly refer to an ABA-accredited JD program? (Ignore the issue of whether one can get an LLM w/o a JD...)

You must first get your law degree and then pass the bar exam in the state in which you wish to work. Then make application to (usually) The State Attorney's Office. Surprisingly (or not) a large number of prosecutors happen to be former law enforcement officers who completed law school at night.