Welding and Cutting

A welding rectifier takes in the a/c output of a welding transformer, and the output is d/c. Used with old school welding transformers which were all a/c, in order to get d/c for use with low hydrogen rods etc.

70-represents 70,000 pound tinsel strength..the 2 represents 2 position (flat and horizontal) and the 4 is the flux/current used

The two primary methods of mechanical travel for welding are automatic and semi-automatic processes. In automatic welding, the welding equipment operates continuously without human intervention, guided by pre-programmed instructions. Semi-automatic welding, on the other hand, requires some operator input to control the welding parameters or the movement of the welding torch, allowing for greater flexibility and adaptability in various welding tasks. Both methods enhance precision and efficiency in welding applications.

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Welding 4140 Steel

How do you weld 4140 steel?

4140 steel is a high-strength, low-alloy steel that can be welded using any common welding methods. However, it is important to preheat the steel to a temperature between 250 and 300 degrees Fahrenheit before welding, and to maintain a post-weld heat treatment of between 1100 and 1200 degrees Fahrenheit for at least one hour to ensure the best possible mechanical properties.

When welding 4140 steel, it is also important to use a low-hydrogen welding process and to clean the base metal thoroughly before beginning the weld. This will help to prevent the formation of cracks in the weld due to hydrogen-induced cold cracking.

Some specific tips for welding 4140 steel include:

Use a low-hydrogen stick electrode, such as an E7018, or a flux-cored wire.Preheat the base metal to a temperature of 250-300 degrees Fahrenheit.Maintain an interpass temperature of less than 500 degrees Fahrenheit.Use a slow cooling rate after welding, such as by wrapping the weld in insulating material.Perform a post-weld heat treatment by heating the weld and base metal to a temperature of 1100-1200 degrees Fahrenheit for at least one hour, then allowing it to cool slowlyʰᵗᵗᵖˢ://ˢʰʳᶦⁿᵏᵉ.ᵐᵉ/ⁿᶜᵁˢʰᵁ

FCAW requires a continuously-fed consumable tubular electrode containing a flux and a constant-voltage.

An externally supplied shielding gas is sometimes used, but often the flux itself is relied upon.

The process is widely used in construction because of its high welding speed and portability.

Cored electrodes produce a more stable arc, improve weld contour, and improve mechanical properties of the weld metal.

Porosity and costly filler material as compared to GMAW.

Look at a wall. Imagine welding on that wall from left to right or right to left. That is horizontal welding.

carburizing flame is used

Open circuit voltage is the voltage at the electrode before striking an arc (with no current being drawn).

The higher the open circuit voltage, the easier it is to strike an arc because of the initial higher voltage pressure.

The following techniques can be used to prevent slag inclusions:

Use welding techniques to produce smooth weld beads and adequate inter-run fusion to avoid forming pockets to trap the slag.

Use the correct current and travel speed to avoid undercutting the sidewall which will make the slag difficult to remove.

One can find welding equipment online in a vast amount of stores. Many businesses that allow online shopping such as Sears, The Home Depot and Amazon carry such equipment.

Transformer type welding machine

The tool used to correct internal hi-low when preparing a 4-in. steel pipe for welding is a four-inch grinder with cutting disc.

it should be called solid state welding which does not melt the base... in fusion welding the base melts as you weld.

Projection welding machine

Stud welding machine

Arc welding machine

Electroslag welding machine

Fluxed-core arc- welding machine

Gas metal-arc welding machine

Gas tungsten-arc welding machine

Plasma arc welding machine

Shielded-metal arc welding machine

Mig welding machine

Tig welding machine

E means Electrode,309 is used when joining stainless steel to carbon steel. It will have a dash and number following it -15 or -16. The 1 means all position, the two together 15 or 16 denotes the type of current that can be used (both can be used with AC or DC reverse) and the primary ingredient in the coating. It may also have LC or ELC designation. LC means Low Carbon, ELC means Extra Low Carbon. An example E-309-16ELC

I am a journeyman welder and a welding engineer in Alberta Canada. I was working in northern alberta charging $150 per hour and there was plenty of work. But in Calgary welders make $35-$45 per hour and engineers can make up to $70 per hour but it all depends who you work for.

3 types Of welding machine suitable for E 308-15 electrodes?

consumable is when the rod or other metal is also used up in the weld, like common mig welding. Non consumable would be like forms of tig welding that don't use any rods or other metals to join the 2 materials together. This is the Distance

Open Circuit Voltage

Typically a stick welder that doesn't require the use of any Gasses (obviously). The "stick" is really a fuse that generates a charge when scraped/touched to another metal, and the spark is so hot, it melts the fuse and the metal together into a weld.

For all intents and purposes , if you don't melt the base metal you are not welding. So I guess the answer is "all of them"

E - Stands for Electrode

60 - 60,000 tensile strength.

1 - in all position welding can be done

0 - cellulose