One minute of arc as measured at the centre of the Earth covers one nautical mile on the surface of the Earth at mean sea level. One nautical mile is 6080 feet or 1853.2 metres.
Therefore one second of arc would be 6080 / 60 = 101.3 feet or 30.886 metres.
Lines of latitude are at regular intervals parallel to the equator. The relationship between degrees of latitude and the distance spanned on the earths surface remains constant. Therefore at all latitudes 1 minute of latitude spans 1 nautical mile on the earths surface.
Lines of longitude converge at the poles. Therefore the relationship between degrees of longitude and the distance spanned on the earths surface is reduced as the poles are approached.
At the equator the distance spanned by 1 minute of longitude would be 1 nautical
mile. At the poles it would be zero.
To calculate the actual distance on the surface of the earth between two points of known latitude and longitude requires a knowledge of spherical trigonometry to calculate the great circle distance between the two points.
The distances quoted are for the surface of the earth at mean sea level. Distances will be increased above sea level and reduced below it.
What would happen to civil engineers if math wasn't invented?
WE WOULD'T HAVE ANY THING THAT ARE ABOUT MATH LIKE BOOKS OF MATH AND MORE HELP PLEASE
What is cold-crushing strength of refractory materials?
cold crushing strength of a refractory brick is gross compressive stress required to cause fracture. Maximum Structural load that a material can withstand without fracture
What do you mean by honeycomb in concrete?
Honeycomb is a defect in the hardened cement concrete consisting of many air pockets or voids due to which concrete deteriorates by entrapment of moisture that causes corrosion of reinforcement bars resulting in failure of structural members over a period of time if not rectified at the earliest.
What is meant by clay sensitivity?
Clay sensitivity refers to the degree to which a clay soil will undergo a reduction in undrained shear strength as it undergoes any disturbance that causes remoulding / volume change. The higher the sensitivity, the greater the loss of strength.
For a good explanation of this (although somewhat old now) view the paper by Mitchell and Houston (1970)
Mitchell J.K. and Houston W.N. (1970) Causes of Clay Sensitivity. Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers. Vol. 95, pp. 845-871.
Where is nader habelrih in Syria he is a civil engineer he has one brother.?
aleppo syria,what his email?
Why are there lines in the sidewalk?
When concrete dries, it shrinks and then cracks. Without the lines, cracks would form randomly in the concrete causing it to break apart. By having the lines, the cracks follow the lines since that is where the slab is the thinnest.
AnswerBecause the sidewalk is made of millions of squares of cement put together and it would be too much work to fill all the lines.
Because the sidewalk is not a continuous pour. They can only pour a few sections at a time. The lines are where one pour ended and another started. Highways and driveways are poured the same way. WITH lines. These lines are also known as stress points, due to expansion and contraction, the weather and the seasons, this keeps the concrete from cracking in the solid portion of the poured form.
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What is the feature of fixed-fixed bridge?
A fixed bridge is a Dental Prosthetic which uses two good teeth, one on each sides of the space, to support the prosthetic. This type of bridge is permenant and can not made to be removed, thus the word fixed bridge. The bridge can span over large spaces replacing various teeth. Care must be taken in cleaning a small space above the area of missing teeth on the bridge. A partial bridge is another way to replace missing teeth, but this is the kind that can be removed
John
Dental Consultant
EagleDentalClinic.com
Required IS-8329 IS-9523 IS-12288 related to ductile iron pipe laying and fittings?
I.S.CODES RELATED TO DUCTILE IRON PIPES IS 9523:1980 Ductile Iron fittings for pressure pipes for water, gas and sewage
IS 8329:1977 Centrifugally cast (spun) Ductile Iron pressure pipes for water, gas and sewage IS 12288:1987 Code of practice for laying of Ductile Iron pipes Got it ! OK !
There isn't a way to answer this question because of the variation possible in the different beam shapes. Web and wall thickness can vary greatly, even if we throw out an arbitrary "standard" like making all the beams equal in cross-sectional area. No way this is gonna be testable in any lab. The engineering director would kick you out and tell you to write some standards for comparison. We can make a few statements that shed some light on the difficulty of the problem. A single beam is under stress just by its weight, and with a live load, the different types of stress increase. There are a number of different forces acting on the beam, and beams of different shapes will react differently to the same loads, whether they be static, live or dynamic. Different steel shapes are used in different applications to take advantage of the strength characteristics of those different shapes. For instance, in a standard I beam, the majority of the loads are carried by the top and bottom flanges and the strength of the beam is increased as the web depth becomes greater. Links are provided, and it will be helpful to just skim the introductory parts of the articles. Going completely through the posts with understanding requires some pretty heavy duty math knowledge. Surf on over and check things out.
Load Bearing - something that bears a load. Like a load bearing wall in a house. The wall is holding something up like the roof, another floor, etc.
Questions need to be asked here...Is your floor wood or concrete? If it's concrete...was the substrate compacted prior to pouring the crete? Has there been any consideration to the drain leaking and allowing waste water to undermine the concrete? If you have a wood floor and it's getting soft due to leaking water, there could be another problem. Soft concrete after curing could indicate improper agrigate/water mixing. As for the expandable foam...it has no structural stability other than to stabilize an object but not where it would be subject to flexing continuously. It does not hold up to a moving load well at all.
The steeper the pitch of any roof, the more resistance it has to developed live loads, such as snow or ice. The difference between a 3/12 and a 4/12 is not great, but the 4/12 is stronger. Another issue to consider is the roof's ability to shed water...3/12 is typically the shallowest pitch recommended for both metal and ashaltic type shingles. A 4/12 is a step better and is more likely to prevent failures during the life of the roof and will serve the roofing warrantee better.
When was the sando bridge first built?
The Sando Bridge in Sweden was built in the late 1930's and opened in 1943. It was rebuilt after 1997 and reopened in 2003.
Civil work, or civil engineering is the profession dealing with the design, construction, and maintenance of different natural and man made environments. These include roads, bridges, canals, dams and buildings.
8 advantages and disadvantages of magazines?
Advantages of magazines are that each one is directed to appeal to specific groups, they have a longer "shelf life" ideal for waiting rooms, and advertisements in magazines increase products or services more than in newspapers due to their status. The disadvantages are the deadlines required to submit ads weeks or months in advance, the cost of color testing, and magazines aren't often regional.
One cubic meter of concrete costs 130 dollars what will be the cost in the currency of Oman?
The currecny of Oman is the Rial. As of 3rd of March 2010, there are $2.59 to 1 Oman Rial (OMR).
As such 130 US dollors of concrete would cost 50.06 OMR.
This of course assumes that the cost of concrete state in the question is the same in both countries.
It is easier that you bend the conduit around the beam or pierce the conduit throough the beam, depending on how big the conduit is.