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Cold and Flu

Questions and answers about the "Common Cold"; symptoms in the upper respiratory tract like sneezing, scratchy throat, and runny nose, but adults don't typically have fevers. Colds are usually caused by the rhinovirus (up to 40% of colds), or Coronaviruses (about 20%), but there are more than 200 viruses that can cause the common cold. Also questions about the seasonal flu, also called "regular flu", caused mostly by Type A and Type B Influenza viruses. Flu starts with similar symptoms as a cold only it hits faster and harder and usually includes fever in adults. Although the "stomach flu" is a common term, it is not a real diagnosis. The proper medical term for stomach flu is gastroenteritis (an intestinal disease, sometimes viral but also bacterial), it is often mistaken for influenza because the flu can sometimes include vomiting and diarrhea.

4,331 Questions

Why do cats get the flu?

dont worrie! your cat didnt catch your cold,and you cant catch its! and they probobly have hairballs

Can you take your nasal drainage specimen and find a cure for the common cold?

No scientist has been able to so far, but should you try and succeed, you will surely be well rewarded!

For information about treating a cold, see the related questions.

What contains RNA?

The part of the cell that contains RNA is the nucleosis. This structure is inside the nuclei of cells in the body.

Who declares a pandemic?

The World Health Organization (WHO) has developed guidelines with the cooperation of world wide public health organizations and national health ministries that the member nations in the organization follow to report infectious diseases and also developed guidelines to use in preparing for and dealing with a pandemic. They agreed upon the criteria that would signal pandemics. It is the WHO who determines when the criteria is met based on these reports from all over the world and based on their own studies of outbreaks of infectious diseases. When it is time to engage the guidelines and responses to a pandemic , it is WHO that announces this finding internationally and sets things in motion for a coordinated effort in response to the situation.

When do you throw away the cold pack?

when you are done with it or when it stops being cold.

Should you have something to worry about if you have a Viral infection flu got one huge pus blister on tip of your tongue?

Ask your doctor. Blisters by them selves are not usually a big problem but your tongue is one giant muscle, and this question is best saved for a medical expert.

Why would a 1992 Plymouth Voyageur 3.3 slow down and backfire?

That's about the time you want to start checking out the timing belt. Run a compression test and see what you're getting. If compression is low, you've probably slipped a tooth on the timing belt. The backfiring isn't good.

What contains dead or harmless germs?

your bed because your fat self crushes them all

Once you get the flu you are immune to getting it again?

No it changes that's why you need a new flu shot every year. Otherwise we would only need one and it would be done.

What are some other precautions that can be taken instead of receiving a flu vaccination?

If you can, get a vaccination. Flu vaccines made the same as those today are proven safe and effective over decades of use, and, although there is risk in most any medical treatment or medication, the risk is much lower than the risk of suffering the flu and the related complications that can come with it (including the 36,000 deaths per year in the US that are due to the flu).

If you can not get a vaccination, then see the related questions below for information on alternative ways to protect yourself.

Everyone should take the precautions outlined in the related questions even if they are getting vaccinated. The flu vaccination is effective for the 3 types (or 4 types in one vaccine**) of flu viruses that were selected by the CDC to be included this year and perhaps effective for other flu viruses that are very similar. But, there are many other possible influenza viruses that might be circulating that will not be covered by immunization from the flu vaccinations, as well as cold viruses and other infectious microbes that the precautions will protect beyond what the vaccine will.

If you are allergic to eggs, you may still be able to get the flu shot, see also below for more information on this new advice from allergists.

Also see the information about the new intradermal vaccination for the flu that uses a 90% smaller needle, if you are needle-averse and thinking of not getting a vaccination for this reason. Some people can also get intranasal mists for the vaccination.


** Starting in the 2012-2013 flu season, there is a new vaccine that contains 4 types of flu viruses instead of the traditional 3 types. It is called quadravalent (the originals are trivalent). See the related questions for more about the new vaccine and who can use it.

What are the 3 deadliest pandemics in the world?

In reverse order from least to most deadliest

The Black Death

The Plague of Justinian

The Spanish Flu

All three killed at least 100 million people

How do scientists predict the influenza that will be here each year?

New flu viruses develop most often in Asia and then circulate throughout the rest of the world. For the Northern Hemisphere in the western regions, the scientists and epidemiologists look to Asia to see what types of flu are circulating during their flu season as these will be the most likely to be circulating elsewhere in the world that year.

The vaccines are either trivalent or quadrivalent (i.e., contain three or four kinds of flu viruses) and are made with those flu viruses selected by the scientists as most likely, utilizing various criteria for selection.

The types and strains finally chosen to be included in the annual vaccines are chosen by collaboration between the CDC, WHO, and the disease control and prevention agencies in other nations. These infectious disease specialists not only select the type of viruses needed to be included that year, but also help isolate, grow and select the specific strains that are more easily grown, closest to the types found circulating in Asia, and able to be used in creation of vaccines.

The vaccines are developed by pharmaceutical companies who get the seed stock of viruses for use in the vaccines from the epidemiologists, (in the US from the CDC). The only thing that is changed each year is the specific group of viruses included, the rest of the vaccine is made the same each year and has been for decades.

How long are you sick from flu viruses?

It varies from person to person. For adults, one day before the flu symptoms occur and a week after you become sick.
You can begin being contagious even one or two days beforeyou know you have the flu, while you have symptoms - which usually last 7 - 10 days. The rule of thumb is that you are no longer contagious after you go for a full 24 hours without a fever while taking no fever reducing medication.

What could you give a 9 month old for a severe cough fever and rash?

If the symptoms are severe as you say, these could be symptoms of a serious infection. Most people faced with these symptoms in an infant would contact a medical professional urgently, or go to the Emergency Room for treatment, especially if there is a combination of fever and rash.

What causes hypokalemia during a flu?

It is a result of a fluid/electrolyte imbalance, therefore the flu and any infections or diseases that can cause dehydration, can create an imbalance that could include hypokalemia (or perhaps hyperkalemia as well if the dehydration is severe enough to cause kidney malfunction).

The "electrolytes" are salts the body needs for proper functioning, including the conduction of electricity for proper function of muscle coordination, fluid absorption, nerve function, heart function, and fluid excretion. In addition to potassium (K+), the electrolytes include sodium (Na+), chloride, calcium, and magnesium. When there is not enough postassium in the blood, that condition is called hypokalemia. Too much postassium in the blood is called hyperkalemia.

The proper balance between the body fluids and these electrolytes can be disrupted when there is dehydration from vomiting, fever, and diarrhea that sometimes accompany the flu. Poor diet, other diseases, kidney malfunction, diuretics and other medications can also result in imbalances. There is a narrow margin of fluctuation tolerated by the body, and symptoms of this imbalance can be quickly realized with slight changes in fluid and electrolyte balances.

This is one reason why you hear the frequent advice to drink plenty of fluids when you have a cold or flu.

Hyperboles that have to do with it being cold outside?

It was so cold, the polar bears were decked out in fur coats

How would i get rid of a really really bad cough?

Believe it or not, the easiest way to get rid of a cough is to put Vick's or any other vapor rub on the bottom of your feet and put on a pair of socks. Don't know why, but this works. I use it on my 14 mo. old granddaughter and it helps her sleep.

I do two things to combat coughs, one is to take at least 5500 mg of vtamin C every 4-6 hours, two is to put a slice of fresh gnger between you teeth and gum.

Can you catch a cold sleeping next to my wife?

Yeah you probably can if you're in close contact.