Ruminants and Monogastrics

Yes, amino acids are important for ruminants as they are essential for growth, reproduction, and overall health. Ruminants can synthesize some amino acids themselves, but there are certain essential amino acids that must be provided through their diet to ensure proper nutrition and functioning. Factors such as protein quality, balance of amino acids, and utilization by the animal need to be considered when formulating ruminant diets.

Inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) is not used to digest fat in ruminants. Ruminants rely on microbial fermentation in the rumen to break down fats into fatty acids, which can be absorbed and utilized by the animal.

A ruminant herbivore is an animal that has a specialized stomach with four compartments to aid in the digestion of plant material through a process called rumination. These animals regurgitate partially digested food known as cud back into their mouth to chew it further before swallowing it again. Examples of ruminant herbivores include cows, sheep, and deer.

Yes a deer is a monogastric (having one digestive cavity) herbivore (animal that gets its energy from eating plants and only plants).

The scientific term for wings is "pterygia" in biology.

The stomach of a ruminant animal is divided into four chambers

1. Rumen

2. Reticulum

3. Omasum

4. Abomasum

The food first enters into rumen where fermentation takes place then food passes into reticulum ---> omasum and finally into abomasum from where the partially digested food enters into small intestine.

In rumen, many symbiotic bateria are present which are useful to ferment the food.

Ruminant herbivores rely on a mutualistic relationship with their gut microflora to help digest cellulose from plant material. The microflora break down the cellulose through fermentation, providing the host animal with additional nutrients like volatile fatty acids. In return, the gut microflora have a stable environment and a continuous food supply.

Non-ruminants are also called "monogastrics"--animals with a single-compartment stomach. (Ruminant stomachs have four compartments.) Examples of mongastric animals are humans, primates, swine, dogs, cats, and even horses. There are several ways to distinguish ruminants from non-ruminant animals: Ruminants likely have cloven hooves (but then, again, so do swine) AND they regurgitate and "chew their cud." That is, cattle, sheep, goats, camels, buffalo, etc, are all ruminants. If one observes them closely while they are "resting," they will often regurgitate a small bolus of feed/mass of grass (a "cud") and chew it to further break down the feed/ingesta. Other animals that are "non-ruminant" are birds, fish, all kinds of reptiles, amoebas, protozoa, bacteria, etc. So, it may be easier to identify ruminants than to identify what animals are non-ruminant!

Protein digestion begins in the stomach or abomasum of ruminants. Pepsin, an enzyme released in the stomach, helps break down proteins into smaller peptides. Further digestion of proteins occurs in the small intestine with the help of enzymes like trypsin and chymotrypsin.

The stomach lining of ruminants is called the mucosa, which is responsible for producing enzymes and absorbing nutrients from the food that has been partially digested in the rumen.

A ruminant veterinarian is a vet that specializes in the care and treatment of animals with a four-chambered stomach, such as cows, sheep, and goats. They focus on nutrition, digestion, and overall health management specific to ruminant animals.

Carbohydrate Metabolism begins in the mouth. If you chew a piece of plain bread for a while, you'll find that it begins to taste sweet. That's because the starch is being metabolised into a sweet substance by the enzymes in the mouth.

Hope this helps :)

In ruminants, such as cows and sheep, microbial fermentation in the rumen allows them to break down and utilize lower quality proteins effectively. This means they can derive sufficient protein from a wider range of feed sources, making the need for high-quality protein less critical compared to non-ruminant animals. Additionally, the microbes in the rumen can synthesize essential amino acids, further reducing the dependence on dietary protein quality.

Ruminants have a multi-chambered stomach that allows them to regurgitate and re-chew their food to aid in digestion, while monogastric animals like humans and pigs have a single-chambered stomach. Ruminants have a symbiotic relationship with bacteria in their stomachs that help break down cellulose from plant material, while monogastric animals rely on enzymes and gastric acids for digestion.

Rumen stasis is a condition in cattle where the normal contractions of the rumen slow down or stop, leading to decreased feed intake, decreased motility within the digestive tract, and potential accumulation of gas and toxins. It can be caused by factors like stress, sudden diet changes, or bacterial infections, and may require veterinary treatment to prevent further complications.

The rumen acts as a big fermentation vat. Bacteria and protozoa in the rumen supply enzymes to break down the fiber in the goat's feed. This is similar to how bacteria can ferment the sugars in grape juice to make wine in big wine barrels. The tiny organisms in the rumen also help to build proteins from the feed and manufacture all of the B vitamins needed by the goat. Many nutrients that help provide the goat with energy are also absorbed here. The fermentation process produces heat that helps to keep the goat warm.

rumination is the process of digestion in the ruminant animal such as cattle and sheep, these animal have a compound stomach that consist of four compartment rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum, during grazzing the animal eat and swallow the grass rapidly without chewing it just swallow it and stored in the first compartment the Rumen and during the rest time by special movements of the rumen the animal can bring the ingested food from the rumen to the mouth to chewed again and again until it become ready for transporting to the second compartment, the digestion of food in the rumen happened by the action of micro organisms that secret some enzymes has the ability to digest the fiber which are not digestible in the simple stomach animals.

The reticulum is the second stomach of a bovine, found directly in front of the rumen, in line with the opening of the esophagus into the rumen. Another term for the reticulum is "hardware stomach." This is because this chamber is mainly used as a screening device and a storage area for foreign objects like wire, nails or even buttons that drop in as feed enters into the rumen. It has no other use in digesting feed unlike the rumen, omasum and abomuasum. Retractions of the rumen help not only digest and mix feed particles and liquid digesta, but also move foreign objects into the reticulum where they will not impede the rest of the digestion process from the rumen onward.

Ruminant organisms such as cattle, sheep, goats, buffalo, deer, giraffes, camels and a handful more are distinguished by their digestive system which, unlike humans and most other animals, have 4 compartments within their stomach. The largest of these compartments is known as the rumen which is why these animals are named as such.

The phonetic spelling for "omasum" is oh-MAY-sum.

A wildebeest is a type of antelope found in Africa, whereas a gnu (short for "gnu's new unix") is a Unix-like operating system developed by the Free Software Foundation. The term "gnu" refers to both the animal and the operating system, but they are unrelated in terms of their nature and characteristics.

They watch their flickering knots like television

As the garden of Islam grows, the bench will be raised.

Then they will lace the dark-rose veins of the tree-tops.

I think this stanza continues with the first stanza in painting a very pleasant picture of the children despite their obvious poverty. The children, in the carpet-weaving process, watch the "flickering knots" like watching "television". The term "television" is very incongruous with the central issue of poverty since it lies at the other end of the social spectrum, but it does seem to conceal the situation they are in. Then the second line depicts the process of the carpet-weaving itself where the threads are knotted together to produce the final product - but it is described in a rather fantastical and surreal manner. It has a life-like quality as the "garden of Islam grows" (rather than the motif on the carpet) and the children "lace" the "dark-rose veins of the tree-tops" together (rather than the end-threads of the carpet). The whole carpet-weaving process presents itself as a creative and imaginative process for the children, and the use of "garden of Islam" which is the Islamic concept of paradise seems to provide the children with an alternate and better world.

Of course all this ends in the next stanza, where reality hits us again - the carpet-weaving is business and not pleasure. The children's handiwork possesses no aesthetic or creative value whatsoever, but it purely meant to be sold.

Carol Rumens uses vivid and evocative language, such as "click of pickets" and "slow snail of shayla," to create a striking image of child laborers. She effectively conveys the harsh conditions and endless repetition of their work through her choice of words and imagery, making the impact of their suffering resonate with the reader.

In her poem, Carol Rumens uses language to vividly depict the harsh reality of child labor by creating strong visual imagery through words. She effectively conveys the emotions and struggles of the child laborers through her use of language, making the reader feel connected to their plight. Rumens's skilful use of language helps create a powerful and haunting image of the lines of child laborers, evoking a sense of empathy and awareness in the reader.