Valleys

Pizarro and the Spanish.

It is formed by an upwelling of hot mantle material under the valley (which has elevated the land) and then split it as the hot mantle moves sideways away form the center of upwelling. This results in volcanoes and a Graben fault system (a rift valley) above the upwelling. Essentially the Rift Valley is the start of a new ocean - the two sides of Africa are splitting apart.

In ancient times the capital may have been Harappa or Mohenjo-daro, another possiblity is Dwarka, which is underwater now.

(3300-1300 BCE; mature period 2600-1900 BCE)

The Valley of the Kings, located on the west bank of the Nile, opposite to Luxor Egypt, is where, for a period of about 500 years, the tombs of pharaohs and high ranking officials were built and their mummified bodies were buried with accompanying treasures and artifacts.

The Indus Valley Civilization was a Bronze Age civilization (mature period 2600-1900 BCE) which was centred mostly in the western part of the Indian Subcontinent and which flourished around the Indus river basin. Primarily centered along the Indus and the Punjab region, the civilization extended into the Ghaggar-Hakra River valley and the Ganges-Yamuna Doab, encompassing most of what is now Pakistan, as well as extending into the westernmost states of modern-day India, southeastern Afghanistan and the easternmost part of Balochistan, Iran.

The Ruhr is a river in Germany and the valley the river flows through is a region famous in the past for heavy industry e.g. iron, steel, coal mining. So in short it is both a river valley and a region in Germany. It also used to be the centre of the German arms industry. Heavy vehicles are still produced there. Major cities in the area include Essen, Dortmund, Bochum, Gelsenkirchen, Muehlheim and many smaller towns. The Ruhr flows into the Rhine at Ruhrort in Duisburg, which is one of Germany's biggest inland ports.

in the 1730's

The low lands between hills or mountains is called a valley.

floods less land, uses less materials (concrete, steel...) to construct dam

All of them. Electromagnetic, sound, even a water wave until it hits shore.

Rift valleys form when tectonic plates move apart, creating a gap in the Earth's crust. As the plates separate, the crust weakens and stretches, causing the land to sink and create a valley. This process is known as rifting, and it is a common feature of divergent plate boundaries.

Formed as large slabs of rock sink and slide down into gaps in the crust

it's in egypt. it's where they buried many of their kings in tombs.

Death valley is the lower point in the word.

Death Valley contains the lowest point in the Western Hemisphere (Badwater Basin) - the lowest point in the world is the Dead Sea.

Death Valley Days ended on 1975-08-01.

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Arafat is a plain some miles off Makkah in Saudi Arabia. It remains uninhabited for most part of year but every year for a single day, on the Day of Hajj (Pilgrimage), it is visited by near two million people. It is here that the most important part of Hajj takes place and the pilgrims stay there from noon till dusk.

Because of the sea level.

The Great Rift Vally is not in any one country, it is approximately 6,000 kilometres (3,700 mi) in length and traverses Syria in Southwest Asia to central Mozambique in South East Africa.

i don't know much but have a friend help you out

Many, but the one that is probably most well known to the public was "Lucy" a female Australopithecus a small sized ancestral species of humans.

dibdib ??

Yes those are common but not on the scale or as noteworthy as the Shenandoah or the Central Valley of California. See Pleasant Valley or Seneca Valley for further information.