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Atheism

Atheism is the disbelief in or denial of the existence of God or gods.

1,002 Questions

What percentage of atheists claim to be a Democrat?

This is a difficult question to answer, because the data do not support a simple "Democrats are X and Republicans are Y" interpretation. There are some politicians who like to link "atheism" and "Democrats" (usually this claim is linked with the claim that Republicans are much more religious and therefore better to vote for), but statistics show no firm correlation between political party and belief in a religion. In fact, there are atheists and agnostics in both parties.

But you probably would not know that, since the media tend to focus on extremes, and at this point in our politics, the extremely religious (usually members of conservative Christian denominations) are very dominant in the Republican party. This means the Republicans who espouse conservative Christian views get the majority of the interviews and since this view seems to attract the Republican base, numerous candidates who want to get elected make religiosity an issue. But that does not mean that all Republicans are conservative Christians, nor does it mean that all Democrats are godless.

According to studies conducted by reputable demographers, about 14-20% (the numbers vary with the polls) of Americans identify as atheists, or as people with "no religion." Many are neither Republicans nor Democrats, preferring a libertarian candidate, or choosing candidates based on issues rather than on party. Some polls do say that a larger percentage of people with "no religion" vote for Democrats, but it is difficult to make a correlation, since a large number of people who are members of an organized religion also vote for Democrats. The Democrats as a party have members with a wide range of views, some of whom are indeed religious and others of whom are not religious at all. So, while it would thus be difficult to give a percentage of atheists who claim to be one party or the other, it is fair to say that, in our current political climate, Democrats are less dominated by conservative Christian viewpoints than Republicans are.

Why do people disagree with the cosmological argument?

A:The Cosmological Argument forthe existence of God was stated by St Thomas Aquinas, although he did not claim to be the first to use the Argument. Reduced to its simplest possible form, it can be stated as:
  • Some contingent beings exist
  • Contingent beings require a non-contingent ground of being in order to exist
  • Therefore a non-contingent ground of being exists. For Aquinas, this can only be God.

Theists hold that everything (contingent beings) must have a creator (the "first cause"), but the creator (non-contingent ground of being) does not require to be created.

An argument against the Cosmological Argument says that it has three serious defects:

  1. the first premise (Some contingent beings exist) is either unintelligible or is a truism. If it is unintelligible, it is not deserving of serious consideration. If it is a truism, nothing of importance follows from it.
  2. It does not help the argument to decide on God as a "first cause", because it is at least as easy to regard the existence of being as uncaused.
  3. The conclusion of the argument is so ambiguous that it seems quite impossible either to affirm or deny it.

Even if we accept the Cosmological Argument, the non-contingent ground of being does not have to be a deity - we can think of it as the Big Bang. If it is a deity, then it does not have to be the Abrahamic God - we can think of it as Brahma, Ahura Mazda or any other creator god.

Which politicians don't believe in God?

In American politics: U.S. Representative Pete Stark of California. In British politics: Nick Clegg, a Member of Parliament and leader of the Liberal Democrats party.

Who is James Huber?

Reverend James Huber is a humanist/atheist.

See link below.

Is Shimon Peres an atheist or agnostic?

He described himself as a follower of Judaism, so neither.

Is it true that Atheists have lower crime rates than theists in general or Christians in particular?

It is true that the percentage of Atheists in jail is lower that that of Christians, but that does not reflect crime rates.

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This question would require a review of the studies leading to the conclusion. Studies of this nature are generally flawed by poor data and procedures. Definitions of terms like crimes, atheist, theist, Christian are generally pretty loose. The questions use to support the are often not well thought out. The demographics of the study group are excluded. The processes used for data examination are not revealled.

In addition groups wishiing to use the data usually have apurpose in mind and set out to find data that supports their point of view. While it is true that there are more religious people in prison than atheists, this is a single statistic and can not be used to draw useful conclusions. Numerous polls have shown that the more intelligent and/or educated a person is, the more likely they are to be atheist.

More intelligent people with a better education tend (when they commit crimes) to commit white collar crimes (such as stealing from work, fraud, tax evasion etc). These are generally harder to detect than (say) a mugging, and therefore the crimminal has a better chance of getting away with it.

It is also true that religion attracts desperate people, and offers them comfort. People who are desperate are, therefore, more likely both to commit a crime and to be religious than people who are not desperate.

These factors could partially or completely explain the statistic. It's difficult to evaluate the amount of undetected crime, and who may have committed it: so there is a lot of data missing from the obvious facts of the prison population.

Are atheists terrorists?

Generally, No. There certainly have been terrorists who do not believe in God, e.g. are Atheists. However, the vast majority of Atheists are not terrorists and there are fewer Atheist terrorists per capita than any other religious group. Atheists in the United States are slandered as terrorists and similar by religious people who may feel threatened by them or find their lack of belief repellent. This is simply name-calling and does not change the reality of whether Atheists commit acts of terror.

When one Googles skeptic griggsy what might one state yea or nay about his argumentation against God?

One might state that he is a poor speller and hates to bother to use spell checkers, indicating a certain laziness of character. One might then go on to extrapolate that this laziness of character is reflected periodically in his laziness of thinking. One might also state that he has too much time on his hands since retirement, and needs to find something more useful to do with his time left on Earth, than to argue about things that he really can't prove one way or the other, because his OPPONENTS never change their minds EITHER! One might also state that he is quite aware of his condition, as he himself states that his posts may be impeded by his defective cortex. One might also state that he is held helplessly imprisoned in the firm grasp of a loving God, who relentlessly keeps his focus on practically NOTHING but issues about God. Being God, he cares not a fig about how long it takes for his DEAR child to wake up and realize that the faulty notions that his skeptics hold on the nature and character that have been falsely attributed to him aren't particularly threatening to him either. Having all of eternity to wait out mortals, he can afford to be exceedingly patient and forebearing. People frequently twist truths around to their own ends, and "Griggsy" seems to have swallowed plenty of "cinnamon twists" in his time, and has somehow failed to realize the difference between "natural food" and "manufactured parodies of truth" in the process. One might also state that if his hair bristles at reading any of this, that he asked for it, (see question history). Surely he can't expect everyone to maintain the same level of ignorance indefinitely, can he?

What would have happened to the US if Abraham Lincoln was an atheist?

Since he was not a head of state of a theocracy but the president of a secular government nothing would have "happened".

What was Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's religion?

He was born as a Sunni Muslim, but he considered himself an Atheist and had a very dim view of Islam.

How can atheists be trusted in a court of law when they can only swear upon themselves to tell the truth and nothing but the truth with no one higher than them to help them?

Who can really be trusted in a court of law religous or not. Either way the same rule applies to all whether they believe in a God or not.

Answer and Clarification

The swearing in of a witness in court is for the purpose of prosecution in the event of perjury. An atheist can be sworn in and simply leave off the phrase, "so help me god". The swearing in of a witness or defendant is legally binding and a person who lies after being sworn in faces charges of perjury if it is later determined that they lied under oath.

The swearing in of a witness in a court trial does not mean the witness will tell the truth. People who believe in gods lie in court trials after swearing to tell the truth every day.

What percent of South Korea are atheist?

According to a 2012 Gallop Poll, about 15% of South Koreans identifiy themselves as convinced atheists, and in a 2002 poll, about 46.5% consider themselves as irreligious. Making Soth Korea the 5th most atheistic country.

What are the reasons why people do not believe in Satan?

Mostly it is for the same reason that people do not believe in any gods. There is simply no proof of their existence. Holy books such as Tanakh, Midrash, Bible, Qu'ran, Book of Mormon,etc, are only claims of supernatural beings. They are not proof and cannot be proven; just like they cannot be disproven either.

Is bertrand Russell an atheist?

He is in the Atheist Bible if that helps. Here's a couple of his quotes that might help answer your question. " I believe that when I die I shall rot, and nothing of my ego will survive. I am not young, and I love my life. But I should scorn to shiver with terror at the thought of annihilation. Happiness is nonetheless true happiness because it must come to an end, nor do thought and love lose their value because they are not everlasting."- Bertrand Russell * "And if there were a God, I think it very unlikely that He would such an uneasy vanity as to be offended by those who doubt His existence." - Bertrand Russell * Originally published in 1925, in a small book titled What I Believe. That same book was used as a piece of evidence in 1940, when the New York City court system deemed Russell morally unfit to teach at City College.

Is the observance of 'Moment of Silence' in public schools high school football fields or government offices constitutional?

Yes. So long as students are not required specifically to pray as part of an official school function, there is no issue with church-state separation.

The 'Moment of Silence' may be a silly waste of time, but it is not unconstitutional.

What European countries practice atheism?

Atheism is not a religion, and cannot be "practiced." It is a single stance on a single issue. It is simply the absence of belief in gods. There are European countries which have a large majority of atheists.

According to Wikipedia, the five most secular (non-theist) European countries are Estonia, Czech Republic, Sweden, Denmark and Norway.

Are there proportionately more atheists in jail than religious people?

It would appear not. ''Scepticfiles.org'' quotes W. T. Root, professor of psychology at the Univ. of Pittsburgh, who examined 1,916 prisoners and said, "Indifference to religion, due to thought, strengthens character." He is quoted as saying that Unitarians, Agnostics, Atheists and Free-Thinkers are absent from penitentiariers or nearly so.

In 1997, Rod Swift found that .209% of federal prisoners are atheists (See related link: Rod Swift study).

In 2010, Tim Covell updated that information, and discovered only .08% of the U.S. federal prison population is atheist (See related link: Tim Covell study).

It is claimed that over a period of 10 years , those executed in Sing-Sing Prison for murder were 65% Catholics, 26% Protestants, 6% Hebrew, 2% Pagan, and less than 1/3 of 1% non-religious.

How many people are too lazy to do their own research so they ask a question here?

If they ask a question here, as you just did, you are not being lazy. You simply want knowledge from the cyber-community known as WikiAnswers. Doing their own research is an extremely hard task, and isn't possibly feasible for most people.

Is markiplier an atheist?

He's never mentioned his beliefs before.

What are the beliefs about the Cosmological argument?

The ArgumentThe cosmological argument is extremely old but has been reused and modified many times.

The basic Platonic/Aristotelian cosmological argument is this:

  1. Every finite and contingent being has a cause.
  2. A causal loop cannot exist.
  3. A causal chain cannot be of infinite length.
  4. Therefore, a First Cause (or something that is not an effect) must exist. God is then often inserted as this "First Cause".

The newer more often quoted Kalam cosmological argument is this:

  1. (1)Everything that has a beginning of its existence has a cause of its existence.
  2. (2)The universe has a beginning of its existence.

    Therefore:

  1. (3) The universe has a cause of its existence.
  2. (4) If the universe has a cause of its existence then that cause is God.

    Therefore:

  1. (5) God exists.

The Kalam cosmological argument is the one most often used in contemporary debate by apologists such as Dr. William Lane Craig.

Problems with the various cosmological argumentsThere are some major flaws and logical fallacies in the arguments:
  1. THe biggest flaw in the argument is that it does prove anything, but instead replaces the supposed problem with a larger problem. If the universe was made by a god because nothing can exist without cause, then something must have "caused" God.This is often countered by saying that God is the exception to the rule, however if God is the exception to the rule why cannot the universe be the exception to the rule without God.
  2. The original argument is non-specific: It states there must be a First Cause but doesn't say that the First Cause had to be God or a divine being. There are an infinite number of causes other than a human-inspired god that could have caused the creation of the universe. The creator of the universe need not even be supernatural, or sentient or intelligent to satisfy the argument of "first cause".
  3. The argument makes the assumption that a causal chain of events cannot be infinite, that it must terminate at a point. While the nature of cause and effect is observed by experiment (within the limits of the uncertainty principle at least), whether this chain can be infinite or not is certainly not mandated by experiment and is only inductively prefered.
  4. It forgets the fact that matter and energy necessarily exist and are not contingent: The 1st Law of Thermodynamics and the Law of Conservation of Mass state that matter or energy cannot be created, nor destroyed. Therefore, there cannot be a state where matter or energy does not exist. Because of this, matter and energy necessarily exist. Therefore, this argument doesn't apply to matter or energy.
Dr. William Lane Craig's Wording

Dr. Craig words the argument like so:

  1. (P1) Everything that begins to exist has a cause.
  2. (P2) The universe began to exist.
  3. (C) Therefore, the universe must have a cause.

Dr. Craig then claims that God did not "begin to exist" but instead has always existed and that his argument is therefore not a logical fallacy. The problem with that however is that it makes the assumption that God was the first cause, that God didn't begin to exist, that the universe did begin to exist, and the biggest assumption of all that God exists which the argument doesn't prove. It ignore scientific hypotheses such as the cyclical model which posits that the universe is in an infinite loop of big bangs followed by big crunches and therefore doesn't have a beginning.

I can make the same argument and say that Unicorns are that first cause.

How does secular humanist worldviews Comparison to Christianity?

The largest difference is obviously that secular humanism is a philosophy, while Christianity is a dogmatic religion.

Secular humanism focuses upon humans for cultivating morality; Christianity teaches that God is responsible for man's morality and free will.

Secular humanism wishes to transcend boundaries of dogma and parochial loyalties based on race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, or ethnicity.

Furthermore, secular humanist ethics/morals are subject to criticism and rational guidance, unlike dogmatic, unquestionable, god-inspired tenets of Christianity.

Does the First Amendment protect freedom of non religion or atheism if atheism is not a religion?

Yes. While atheism is not a religion in the most common sense of the word, Americans still have the right to be non-believers. It works the same way as freedom of speech. We have the right to speak our minds, but we don't have to exercise that right by expressing our opinions. We have the right to practice any religion, but we don't have to exercise that right by believing in a particular religion.

Answer

The First Amendment protects every American citizen from having a state sponsored religion imposed upon them. The beneficiaries of that right are not categorized by their beliefs or lack of beliefs but by being Americans. The First Amendment protects everyone.

What are a person's rights when their child's school is indoctrinating their child into religion?

If you live in the United States and your child attends a public school you should contact your local American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) affiliate to discuss your situation and get advice about a course of action. Its mission: to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed by the Constitution and laws of the United States.

https://www.aclu.org/about/affiliates