College Degrees

A drug inspector is responsible for ensuring that pharmaceutical products meet regulatory standards for safety, efficacy, and quality. This role typically requires a background in pharmacy, pharmacology, or a related field, as well as specialized training in regulatory compliance and inspection procedures. Drug inspectors play a crucial role in safeguarding public health by monitoring the manufacturing, distribution, and sale of pharmaceutical products.

Most biological scientists need a Ph.D. degree in biology or one of its subfields to work in research or development positions. A period of postdoctoral work in the laboratory of a senior researcher has become common for biological scientists who intend to conduct research or teach at the university level. Education and training. A Ph.D. degree usually is necessary for independent research, industrial research, and college teaching, as well as for advancement to administrative positions. A master's degree is sufficient for some jobs in applied research, product development, management, or inspection; it also may qualify one to work as a research technician or a teacher. The bachelor's degree is adequate for some nonresearch jobs. For example, graduates with a bachelor's degree may start as biological scientists in testing and inspection or may work in jobs related to biological science, such as technical sales or service representatives. Some work as research assistants, laboratory technicians, or high school biology teachers. (See the statements elsewhere in the Handbook on clinical laboratory technologists and technicians; science technicians; and teachers-preschool, kindergarten, elementary, middle, and secondary.) Many with a bachelor's degree in biology enter medical, dental, veterinary, or other health profession schools. In addition to required courses in chemistry and biology, undergraduate biological science majors usually study allied disciplines such as mathematics, physics, engineering, and computer science. Computer courses are beneficial for modeling and simulating biological processes, operating some laboratory equipment, and performing research in the emerging field of bioinformatics. Those interested in studying the environment also should take courses in environmental studies and become familiar with applicable legislation and regulations. Prospective biological scientists who hope to work as marine biologists should have at least a bachelor's degree in a biological or marine science. However, students should not overspecialize in undergraduate study, as knowledge of marine biology often is acquired in graduate study. Most colleges and universities offer bachelor's degrees in biological science, and many offer advanced degrees. Advanced degree programs often emphasize a subfield such as microbiology or botany, but not all universities offer curricula in all subfields. Larger universities frequently have separate departments specializing in different areas of biological science. For example, a program in botany might cover agronomy, horticulture, or plant pathology. Advanced degree programs typically include classroom and fieldwork, laboratory research, and a thesis or dissertation. Biological scientists with a Ph.D. often take temporary postdoctoral research positions that provide specialized research experience. Postdoctoral positions may offer the opportunity to publish research findings. A solid record of published research is essential in obtaining a permanent position involving basic research, especially for those seeking a permanent college or university faculty position. Other qualifications. Biological scientists should be able to work independently or as part of a team and be able to communicate clearly and concisely, both orally and in writing. Those in private industry, especially those who aspire to management or administrative positions, should possess strong business and communication skills and be familiar with regulatory issues and marketing and management techniques. Those doing field research in remote areas must have physical stamina. Biological scientists also must have patience and self-discipline to conduct long and detailed research projects. Advancement. As they gain experience, biological scientists typically gain greater control over their research and may advance to become lead researchers directing a team of scientists and technicians. Some work as consultants to businesses or to government agencies. However, those dependent on research grants are still constrained by funding agencies, and they may spend much of their time writing grant proposals. Others choose to move into managerial positions and become natural science managers (see engineering and natural sciences managers elsewhere in the Handbook). They may plan and administer programs for testing foods and drugs, for example, or direct activities at zoos or botanical gardens. Those who pursue management careers spend much of their time preparing budgets and schedules. Some leave biology for nontechnical managerial, administrative, or sales jobs. For the source and more detailed information concerning this subject, click on the related links section (U.S. Department of Labor) indicated below this answer box.

Bacteria return nitrogen to the soil through a process called nitrogen fixation, where they convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use. This allows plants to obtain the necessary nitrogen for their growth and, in turn, enriches the soil with nutrients.

Suggested studies for marine bioligy would be good to go to a college that focuses mainly on the marine bioligy subject.. I have searched many of these things since im training to become a marine bioligist.. Also you would need to spend about 4 to 8 years in college to become one.. Hope this helps someone! :-)

Preparation for this profession is offered in hospitals, colleges and universities, and less frequently at vocational-technical institutes. Hospitals employ most radiologic technologists. Employers prefer to hire technologists with formal training. Education and training. Formal training programs in radiography range in length from 1 to 4 years and lead to a certificate, an associate degree, or a bachelor's degree. Two-year associate degree programs are most prevalent. Some 1-year certificate programs are available for experienced radiographers or individuals from other health occupations, such as medical technologists and registered nurses, who want to change fields. A bachelor's or master's degree in one of the radiologic technologies is desirable for supervisory, administrative, or teaching positions. The Joint Review Committee on Education in Radiologic Technology accredits most formal training programs for the field. The committee accredited more than 600 radiography programs in 2007. Admission to radiography programs require, at a minimum, a high school diploma or the equivalent. High school courses in mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology are helpful. The programs provide both classroom and clinical instruction in anatomy and physiology, patient care procedures, radiation physics, radiation protection, principles of imaging, medical terminology, positioning of patients, medical ethics, radiobiology, and pathology. Licensure. Federal legislation protects the public from the hazards of unnecessary exposure to medical and dental radiation by ensuring that operators of radiologic equipment are properly trained. Under this legislation, the Federal Government sets voluntary standards that the States may use for accrediting training programs and licensing individuals who engage in medical or dental radiography. In 2007, 40 states required licensure for practicing radiologic technologists and technicians. Certification and other qualifications. The American Registry of Radiologic Technologists (ARRT) offers voluntary certification for radiologic technologists. In addition, 35 States use ARRT-administered exams for State licensing purposes. To be eligible for certification, technologists generally must graduate from an accredited program and pass an examination. Many employers prefer to hire certified radiographers. To be recertified, radiographers must complete 24 hours of continuing education every 2 years. Radiologic technologists should be sensitive to patients' physical and psychological needs. They must pay attention to detail, follow instructions, and work as part of a team. In addition, operating complicated equipment requires mechanical ability and manual dexterity. Advancement. With experience and additional training, staff technologists may become specialists, performing CT scanning, MR, and angiography, a procedure during which blood vessels are x rayed to find clots. Technologists also may advance, with additional education and certification, to become a radiologist assistant. Experienced technologists also may be promoted to supervisor, chief radiologic technologist, and, ultimately, department administrator or director. Depending on the institution, courses or a master's degree in business or health administration may be necessary for the director's position. Some technologists progress by specializing in the occupation to become instructors or directors in radiologic technology programs; others take jobs as sales representatives or instructors with equipment manufacturers. For the source and more detailed information concerning this subject, click on the related links section indicated below.

A system environment refers to the setting in which software applications run. This includes the operating system, hardware configuration, network settings, and other software libraries required for the applications to function properly. Understanding the system environment is crucial for ensuring that software can operate efficiently and reliably.

You can pretty much get any job with a liberal studies major. They just look for a B.A/B.S it is now important for a masters. But the most common jobs with this major are teachers, journalists, accountants, and in the government.

Yes. On July 3rd 2008 The MESSENGER scooped up ions along Mercury's surface. Among the ions it scooped up they discovered water. This reaffirmed scientists beliefs that Mercury has a liquid core. Because Mercury has little axis tilt, they believe that water ice is present in the bottom of craters in Mercury's poles.

In iodometric titrations sodium thiosulfate is the titrant whereas the KI will reduce the analyte; eg: Cu2+ to Cu+. The I2 produced is then titrated by the sodium thiosulphate.

Cu2+ + I- --> CuI + I3-

I3- + 2 S2O32- ¾® 3 I- + S4O62-

To answer your question:

KI (reducing agent) is added to generate the iodine by the reduction of the analyte (Cu2+)

The formed iodine is then back-titrated with thiosulfate (titrant) to determine the amount of analyte originally present. As you can see the KI and sodium thiosulfate serve two different purposes.

KI improves solubility of Iodine

Spatial location is a method to pinpoint the location of a specific object or a collection of things through latitude and longitude. This is essential to easily locate buildings that stores artworks and documents like museums or archives.

I am looking for a question that I can't find. The question was: Was building dam expensive to built? Please answer those question I need to know for my project otherwise I won't get a A grade. Thank you

1) Why the US (and most of the Americas) uses 60 Hz and Europe (and the rest of the world) uses 50 Hz?

2) Why does the US uses 110 V (now set at 120 V) and Europe uses 220 V (now set to 230 V)?

It does seem to be a conglomeration of historical reasons, including state of the art back in 1890's, which company had a head start, and standardization. Some history:

George Westinghouse did his original engineering using 133 1/3 Hz. Westinghouse had an steam engine driven alternator set running at 2000 rpm (By 1886 mechanical engineers liked to have steam engines in integral numbers of rpm) and with 8 poles the set produced 8000 cycles per minute or 133 1/3 Hz. This was good for lighting as there was no flicker but it turned out it was too high for motors later developed.

The earliest experiments (1886 and 1887) used belt driven generators and tended toward high frequencies like 133 1/3 Hz. This suited illumination, which was practically all that alternating current was used for at that time. By 1889 and 1890 direct driven generators were coming on line. They were more robust but with lower rotation speeds they encouraged lower frequencies.

In the early years of ac there were many frequencies: each engineering team seemed to pick their own. Early frequencies in the US were 133 1/3, 125, 83 1/3, 66 2/3, 60, 50, 40, 30, 25 Hz. When Tesla joined Westinghouse, it was using 133 1/3 Hz. Tesla insisted upon 60 Hz because his ac induction motor was designed for 60 Hz and apparently wouldn't work at 133 1/3 Hz.

On the Westinghouse Museum website it says that G. Westinghouse assigned his engineers Stillwell, Shallenberger, Schmid, and Scott to find a good frequency. Practical considerations of connecting alternating generators to reciprocating engines then in use demanded a lower frequency than 133 Hz.

Before the end of 1892 they chose 2 frequencies: 60 Hz for lighting and 30 Hz where power was to be converted to DC.

Why did Tesla/ Westinghouse engineering team choose 60 Hz? If it was Tesla that was the driving force, various biographies of Tesla declare different theories ranging from Tesla "thought it was the fundamental frequency of the universe" to "… considered the natural earth had a frequency of 10 Hz and doing experiments with 8 to 20 Hz and 20 to 40 Hz and finally 40 to 100 Hz; he decided that 60 Hz was safe." It doesn't seem to have been a desire to do accurate clocks because Henry Warren didn't patent the synchronized clock until 1916 long after the frequency was chosen. Although Warren was diligent in getting utilities to have tight specs on frequency this didn't happen until into the 1920's.

Back in the early 1890's Westinghouse was involved in bidding electrical equipment for the Niagara Falls power project. However the Cataract Company (in charge of the Niagara Falls project) had already selected hydraulic turbines running at 250 rpm. So if a 16-pole generator were chosen the frequency would be 33 1/3 Hz and if a 12-pole machine were chosen then the frequency would be 25 Hz. The project consultant proposed an 8-pole generator or 16 2/3 Hz. The compromise was 25 Hz. At the time lower frequencies were easier to handle on transmission lines. Another reason is that the Steel industry liked 25 Hz because of huge slow speed induction rollers, which had a low power factor for 60 Hz and worked better at 25 Hz. Niagara Falls generated 25 Hz way into the 20th century. The website says that the Westinghouse Company later wished it had forced through 30 Hz.

By 1910 it looked there would be two frequencies in North America, 25Hz for transmission and heavy industry that needed dc or slow moving heavy machinery and 60 Hz for lighting (less flicker) and general use.

There was an effort by GE to introduce 40 Hz as a compromise between 25 Hz and 60 Hz in the 1890's but it was too late to overtake the 60 Hz and 25 Hz infrastructures already in place although there were some 40 Hz installations. Even so most installations in the US were done in 60 Hz after Westinghouse and GE cross licensed their patents.

Development of high-speed turbines instead of slow reciprocating machinery and later developments of the rotary converter that worked well at 60 Hz made it easy to shift everything to 60 Hz. By 1920 most of the problems associated with 60 Hz transmission had been solved so that there was no longer any advantage of transmitting 25 Hz over 60 Hz. That seems to be why the US is 60 Hz.

Germany took the lead in Europe of developing electrical power (primarily Emil Rathenau of AEG) and AEG seems to have used 50 Hz from day one. In 1891 AEG had demonstrated power delivery over long distances using 50 Hz. I don't know why AEG chose 50 Hz. Did the penchant for integer rpm help influence AEG for 3000 rpm and 50 Hz as opposed to 3600 rpm and 60 Hz? Did the preference for preferred numbers influence the choice of 50 Hz over 60 Hz? Did Tesla's influence pull Westinghouse to choose 60 Hz and resultant 3600 rpm over 50 Hz and 3000 rpm? Europe was even more fragmented in the early days than the US. In 1918 in London alone there were 70 electric authorities with 50 different types of systems and 10 different frequencies and 24 different voltages. But by the 1920's and 1930's more and more of Europe was changing to or working with 50 Hz.

As for voltages both Europe and the US seemed to have begun with about 100 to 110 Volts DC because of Edison's success with replacing gas lights with electric lamps. Although many inventors worked on electric lights, generators and electrical systems, Edison was one of the first and was successful in putting together whole systems not just the pieces. Edison picked 110 VDC because that was the voltage he needed to get enough light out of his bulbs to compete with common gas lamps of the time and yet not blow the filaments in his bulbs too soon.

The Berlin Electric Works (utility owned by AEG) changed from 110 V to 220 V starting in about 1899 to enlarge the capacity of their distribution system since the city (Berlin) was already wired 2 wires. They were probably changing from dc to ac at the time also. They paid for their customers to change their lighting and motors to 220 V and saved on the cost of copper by avoiding having to add more wiring. This spread throughout Germany and later Europe but didn't take hold in the US.

I wonder if the residue from the bitter conflict between Edison and Westinghouse about the safety of AC vs. DC spilled over into not going above 110 volts for residential users even after Edison's forces conceded the need for AC.

A lot of this information comes from Thomas Hughes Networks of Power : Electrification in Western Society, 1880-1930 and Benjamin Lamme Technical Story of Frequencies IEEE transactions 37 (1918) 60. Benjamin Lamme was chief engineer for Westinghouse in the early 1900's.

Jupiter's mass is approximately 1.898 × 10^27 kilograms, which is equivalent to about 318 times the mass of Earth.

The master's degree can take approximately two to three years to complete, depending on the specific program of study; the credit load carried per semester, and provided the student takes the degree as prescribed by the college or university.

The PhD would take approximately four years post bachelor's to complete. The actual length of time depends much on how long it takes a student to prepare and defend their dissertation, which is an individual project on a topic of the students choosing with extensive research from an original view point and approved by a designated committee.

The symbol for the element lead is Pb, which comes from the Latin word for lead, "plumbum."

An element that is soft and able to be cut with a knife is more likely to be a nonmetal. Metals are typically hard and have high melting points, making them difficult to cut with a knife. Nonmetals, on the other hand, tend to be softer and more malleable.

The reactive elements on the periodic table are typically found in groups 1 and 2 (for example, alkali metals like sodium and potassium) and groups 16 and 17 (for example, halogens like chlorine and fluorine). These elements are reactive because they readily form compounds with other elements to achieve a stable electron configuration.

Objective refers to a specific goal, target, or outcome that is clearly defined and measurable. It is used to guide actions, decisions, and strategies to achieve a desired result. Objectives help provide focus, direction, and motivation for individuals or organizations.

The half-life of the radioactive substance is 13.8 days. This is calculated by dividing the natural logarithm of 2 by the decay constant, which is obtained from the percentage disintegration in a given time period. In this case, 0.1 (10 percent) disintegrates in 4 days.

Refracting telescopes have a lens at the front to gather light and focus it, while reflecting telescopes use a curved mirror at the back to collect and focus light. The main components of a refracting telescope are the objective lens, eyepiece, and tube, while the main components of a reflecting telescope are the primary mirror, secondary mirror, and housing.

At BEAUTY PIE, their mission is to make you feel like a kid in a cosmetics candy shop. To bring you the fairy tale. To deliver the absolute best in beauty nonstop, at prices so amazing, even a splurge is a steal.

.ly/txv0l2x

Although parthenogenesis does not appear to occur naturally in primates, an unfertilized egg can be induced to form an early ball of cells called a blastocyst, from which stem cells and stem cell lines can be derived. Stem cells from these lines can then be differentiated into specific cell types that may be used in research or as part of a cell transplant therapy to treat human diseases. The technique for producing human stem cell lines through parthenogenesis was developed by International Stem Cell Corporation of Oceanside, California, and can produce two different kinds of parthenogenetic stem cells: (1) those known as heterozygous parthenogenetic stem cells, which carry the genetic makeup from both parents of the egg donor and (2) homozygous parthenogenetic stem cells, which carry the genetic makeup of only one of the parents of the egg donor. Both heterozygous and homozygous parthenogenetic stem cells are functionally comparable to embryonic stem cells. Those known as homozygous parthenogenetic stem cells are produced through a proprietary process that produces cells containing genetic makeup from only one half of donor's genome, but with the normal number of chromosomes, thus greatly simplifying the process of matching therapeutic cells to patient's immune system in therapeutic transplants. The use of homozygous parthenogenetic stem cells is expected to permit cells from a single stem cell line to match the key HLA factors of up to 350 million potential patients, thus reducing the need for immune suppressing drugs in human cell transplant therapy.

Associates of Arts = A. A.

Associates in Science = S. A.

Bachelor in Arts = B. A.

Bachelors in Science = B. S.

Masters of Arts - M. A.

Masters in Science = M. S.

The doctorate can take many forms to include, PhD, EdD (education), MD (medical doctor) etc.

The above are the most common within the US.

Like any other amino acid, tryptophan possesses both acidic and basic characteristics, referred to as amphoteric substances.

It acts as an acid at pH below 5.89 and as a base at pH above 5.89.

5.89 here is the isoelectric point of tryptophan, a pH value where its overall charge is zero and wherein it neither acts as an acid, nor as a base.