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Electronics Engineering

Electronics Engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with practical applications of electronic components, devices, systems, or equipment. Electronics are devices that operate on low voltage sources, as in electron tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, and printed circuit boards and use electricity as part of its driving force.

24,372 Questions

Does the National Electrical Code allow aluminum conductors to be used for underground installation?

You should be able to search the NEC on the internet. However, local code may play a role in whether or not you can use aluminum in an underground application. The other consideration would be whether or not it's listed as a `direct burial wire`, which is to say, is the insulation manufactured to be buried underground.

I'm not a big fan of aluminum, and if you're trying to save some money now, you'll most likely end up having to replace it within 5- 10 years. There's also been a lot of house fires attributed to aluminum wiring as it tends to overheat easier than copper.

So search the code on the internet, search your local codes and then go with copper direct burial cable anyway. You'll be happier in the long run. But yes, local amendments notwithstanding, the standard NEC does allow aluminum conductors with the proper insulation rating to be used underground. If it is installed in an underground raceway, it must be listed for wet locations, or for direct burial if buried.

Which one was first developed - sonar or the hydrophone?

The hydrophone was developed first. It was around back in Da Vinci's time, and the first recorded use dates from about 1490. Stick the large end of a "horn" of some kind in the water and listen to the little end to see what you can hear. That's a hydrophone. Sonar came along later, like in the early 1900's. It was being developed at the time electronics was advancing, and it is with the application of modern electronics that we can make the most effective use of this remarkable imaging tool. A link is provided to the Wikipedia article on sonar, and the "History" part of the article is short and easy to read.

What are the uses of signal generator or function generator unit two?

A signal generator generates either audio or RF frequencies (depending on the capabilities and designed purpose of the generator) for testing other electronics equipment. Makes it easier to make tests on a device without having to have it "in circuit". It's a lot easier to test a piece of equipment on a work bench rather than trying to test it in place.

A function generator supplies TTL (transistor to transistor) square wave pulses, sine and sawtooth wave forms for various testing purposes. It's a lot easier to work on something on the work bench and being able to remove a circuit board and just supply power and a signal saves having to take a whole piece of equipment into the shop. Then again, you also can use an oscilloscope for troubleshooting when you jave a good, known signal to work with. That applies to both types of generators.
A: A function generator is just like a signal generator except it generates a function like a ladder step or unusual increases or decreases in voltage to generate a required function

How do touch screen monitor controllers work?

A basic touchscreen has three main components: a touch sensor, a controller, and a software driver. The touchscreen is an input device, so it needs to be combined with a display and a PC or other device to make a complete touch input system. Our website http://www.HomeTouchSystems.com will explain the difference between all types of touch screen and USB and 232 controllers. This is a link to our USB controller page http://www.hometouchsystems.com/TouchScreen/touch-screen-controllers.aspThis is my best description of a resistive touch screen: The 4-Wire resistive touch screen is the preferred solution for low cost applications. It consists of a conductive bottom layer (ITO Glass or Film) and a conductive top layer (ITO Film). The two layers are suspended by many very small spacer dots. When a certain point is touched, the top layer contacts the bottom layer and a voltage charged by the controller is applied to the bottom layer's electrodes. The coordinate X axis of the touch point can be detected by measuring the voltage value thru the top ITO layer and the coordinate Y axis of the touch point can be detected in the same way by changing voltage input to the top layer's electrodes. All of the above and more can be found at our web site http://www.HomeTouchSystems.com

What does a RF engineer do?

RF engineers can be found in cellular industry-Verizon Wireless, MetroPCS...etc. Tasks include network design (location of cell towers) and RF performance pertaining to area coverage (Radio Frequency propagation) and system capacity (user capacity).

Can you convert an 18v battery charger made for 120v mains to a 240v Is it a different transformer on the circuit board or more complex?

Little transformers which convert the 240 volts supply voltage to 120 volts are readily available. They are called International Travel Adaptors. One of those would probably be able to handle the small current needed by the 18 volt battery charger. == == This question is too complicated to answer fully without using lots of electrical engineering words that many people would not understand. If there is something that looks like a transformer on the circuit board, it may not be one. It might be a miniature inductive load. (A "choke" in old times terms.) Even if it is a miniature transformer it may not be used for changing the mains voltage to 18 volts. Someone who really understands electrical circuits and the components in them would not be asking this question, so, unless you know exactly what you are doing, leave that charger's circuit board just as it is. This is for your own personal safety and for anyone else who might one day use that battery charger.

How does an SCR power control circuit control a resistive load?

Two SCR's are connected in an inverse-parallel arrangement to one leg of a single phase circuit. This arrangement allows one SCR to control one half of the sine wave, and the other SCR controls the other. A special circuit is used, sometimes called a "trigger circuit". This circuit sends a pulsed signal to each gate of the two SCR's. The SCR's are so fast to open close the circuit, that they can be "fired" open, then "shut" off in increments far smaller than 1/60th of a second, the typical AC line frquency. So, if you were to tell the trigger circuit to fire each SCR for only 1/240th of a second, (1/2 of 1/2 of a complete cycle) 60 times a second, then each SCR would only be "on" or letting electric current through for 1/2 of each +/- cycle of the sine wave. Therefore output power would be 50% of maximum, but complete in the sense that the 60Hz cycle would remain intact. To put it another way you would still have an alternating current 60 times per second, but the upper and lower portion of the sine wave would be cut off early, and at the same points respectively. This is called Phase-Angle Control, and is the most common form of solid state power control. Resistive loads are the easiest to control with solid state techniques, though power factor is increased with the use of solid state switching. There are ways around that. The advantages of this type of power control is infinitley variable power output, with no mechanical contactors to wear out. SCR's can switch 100's of amps, hundreds of times per second, and as long as you keep them cool, theoretically they will never wear out. If you would like to know more, there is a site: http://www.payneb5.com , for Payne Engineering. They have a couple of animations and schematics depicting what i just explained, but with pictures.

What is the definition for Input high current and input low current?

Let me first correct the question "current" here should be "tension" current is the speed of the electrons moving through the conductor and tension is the EMF that make the electrons move you cannot input current. the current is the demand of the circuit, depending on the resistance and the EMF(Electro Motoric Force) in other words, the Volts that is applied or input to the circuit.
Answer:
Any transformer can be used as a up step(inverting) or down step(converting) transformer, for instance 220V - 6V will be a converting and the 220V side will be your primary or high tension input and if you turn it around the 6V side will be your primary or low tension input.

Advantages of having 220V?

220 volt will increase your available current capacity. for Air Conditioning window units, it allows for smaller breaker sizes.

What are the different types of elevator door?

Telescopic and Central Opening Sliding Doors you can follow this link: www.thyssenkrupp-elevadores.pt/pdf/produtos/evolution/3/97000001534_web.pdf

Are radar detectors illegal?

Not in all states. Before you enter a state it will tell you if they are not allowed. When you are driving on I-95 and get to Virginia it will remind you that it is illegal so you have to turn it off until you leave the state.

Describe the incentive of installing a LAN on a shop floor What kinds of LAN products are available?

a LAN offers better performance and communication within a given area ideal for small business. installin a LAn on a shop floor will enable access to all productts sold within the shop and for them to be shared easily throughout the company. products employed in LAN include workstations (two or more computers) switches servers utp cable. in addition a router could be installed to allow acess to the internet

What are different types of packaging of electronic components?

The common type of electronics packaging is referred to as static protective packaging orelectrostatic discharge(ESD). Typical package types include static bags and corstat containers.



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According to what I know, there's the following:


1. Dissipative Polybag - has the ability to dissipate a static charge to ground. This keeps charge (static electricity) from building up on the package or the device. This material is also antistatic, suggesting that it will not charge up (tribocharge) when rubbed against other materials.

2. Conductive Polybags - the conductivity is about 103-2 and will dissipate a charge very fast. Unfortunately this fast dissipation also means that a charged person or object can 'spark' (ESD) to its surface.

3. Shielding Bags - provide the dissipative and antistatic attributes of the poly bag but add a metal shield and polyester dielectric to sop static from entering the bag.

4. Moisture Barrier Bags - it provides dissipation, antistatic properties static shielding and add a moisture vapor barrier. the moisture barrier protects moisture sensitive items and improves long term storage.


Hope this can help...




What are the factors of electricity?

The factors of electricity are the voltage between two points and the amount of current experienced.

What does uA stand for?

=== === Microamperes. The "u" is the closest letter many computer keyboards have to the Greek "mu" symbol. (If this appears correctly) it should be "µA" but it's quicker to type uA.

Do transformers work only on an AC supply?

Yes. Transformers operate on the theory of inducing current in one coil by starting and stopping the current in another coil on the same iron core. The voltage changes as a function of the turns ratio of the primary (driven) side to the secondary (output) side. Alternating current changes rapidly each second (e.g., 50, 60 400 Hz). To use a transformer in DC-to-DC converters, you first need to create a wave, run it through the transformer to get the new voltage, then rectify and filter it to restore the output to a DC voltage. Is this a trick question? AC in and AC out. Straight DC won't work without help. The DC is "switched" or "chopped" or "turned on and off" quickly in the primary, and this action will allow the pulsating DC in the primary to drive the secondary of the transformer. Problem solved.

How much does a gallon of flux weigh?

One gallon of Kester 951 Flux weighs about 8.34 pounds. Flux is used for soldering purposes and is widely used in the making of electronics.

How long does a LC HDTV AQUOS Liquid Crystal television last?

I have had my sony 50 inch liquid Crystal flat tvf or 4 years and have had no trouble with it at all.

I wast old I would have to replace the back-light bulb every 3-5 years but so far it's hasn't flinched. I believe there is a life time on these crystals but it is on the order of 10 years or more(depending on how you use it) and the settings on the tv.

I am not really familure with the "AQUAS" but 90percent of the people I talk to are not the happiest in the world.

If you need a morei ndepth answer ....

Joe

Josseph9508@msn.com

What is white noise?

White noise is random sound that contains an equal amount of all the frequency components across the spectrum one is testing. It sounds sorta like the hiss one hears when a television is tuned to a blank channel (if the television doesn't automatically mute the sound when no signal is present, however). If one has white noise and examines the signal level of, say, the 55 cycle per second signal component, it will be the same as, say, the 927 cycle per second signal component, or the 2651 cycle per second signal component. Check this out: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_noise