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Engineering
Engineering is an art and profession devoted to designing, constructing, and operating the structures, machines, and other devices of industry and everyday life.
5,839 Questions
Properties of Interactive operating system?
An operating system that allows users to run interactive programs. Pretty much all operating systems that are on PCs are interactive OS's
What constitutes a legal signature?
Signature
This entry contains information applicable to United States law only.
A mark or sign made by an individual on an instrument or document to signify knowledge, approval, acceptance, or obligation.
The term signature is generally understood to mean the signing of a written document with one's own hand. However, it is not critical that a signature actually be written by hand for it to be legally valid. It may, for example, be typewritten, engraved, or stamped. A signature consists of the act of writing one's name, coupled with the intention of authenticating the instrument or document signed. The purpose of a signature is to authenticate a writing, or provide notice of its source, and to bind the individual signing the writing by the provisions contained in the document.
Because a signature can obligate a party to terms of a contract or verify that the person intended to make a last will and testament, the law has developed rules that govern what constitutes a legally valid signature. The internet and other forms of telecommunication have created the desire to transact legally binding agreements electronically. Some states are beginning to pass laws that recognize the validity of "digital signatures."
Requisites and Validity
When an instrument must be signed, it is ordinarily adequate if the signature is made in any commonly used manner. Variations between the signature and the name appearing in the body of the instrument do not automatically invalidate the instrument.
In the absence of a statutory prohibition, an individual can use any character, symbol, figure, or designation he wishes to adopt as a signature, and if he uses it as a substitute for his name, he is bound by it. For example, if a contract refers to " William Jones" but Jones signs his name "Bill Jones," the contract is still enforceable against him. An individual can also use a fictitious name or the name of a business firm. A signature might also be adequate to validate an instrument even if it is virtually illegible. The entire name does not have to be written, and the inclusion of a middle name is not significant.
An individual satisfies the signing requirement when someone who has been duly authorized to sign for him does so. In the event a statute mandates an instrument be signed in person, the signature must be made in the signer's own hand or at his request and in his presence by another individual.
In a situation where an individual intends to sign as a witness but instead inadvertently signs the instrument in the place where the principal is to sign, the fact that she should have signed as a witness can be shown. Conversely when a signer intends to sign as a principal but instead signs in the place for a witness, that fact can also be shown.
Abbreviations, Initials, or Mark
In situations that do not require a more complete signature, an instrument can be properly signed when the initial letter or letters of the given name or names are used together with the surname (J. Doe), when only the full surname is used (Doe), when only the given name is used (John), or even when only the initials are used (J. D.).
A mark is ordinarily a cross or X made in substitution for the signature of an individual who is unable to write. In the absence of contrary statutory provision, a mark can be used by an individual who knows how to write but is unable to do so because of a physical illness or disability. A mark has the same binding effect upon the individual making it as does a signature. In some statutes a signature is defined as including a mark made by an individual who is infirm or illiterate.
Generally the name of the person who makes her mark can be written by anyone, and the mark is not necessarily invalidated because the individual writing the name accompanying the mark misspells the name or because the words stating that the symbol is intended as a mark are omitted. In the absence of a statute that requires a name to accompany the mark, the validity of the mark as a signature is not affected by the fact that a name does not accompany it.
When a mark is used as a signature, it can be put wherever the signature can appear. When there is a requirement that the name must accompany the mark, the fact that the mark and the name are not in immediate proximity does not invalidate the mark.
Certain statutes mandate that a witness must attest to a signature made by a mark. Under such statutes, if the mark is not properly witnessed, the instrument is not signed and is legally ineffective. These laws were enacted to prevent fraud, because it is difficult, if not impossible, to later determine if the alleged signer actually made the mark.
What is definition of britleness for testing material?
A material will be graded as brittle when it breaks with only a small amount of strain. Its brittleness is based on the amount of deformation used to break the material.
First of all DPI stands for Dots Per Inch which is more often assocated with the resolution that a printer can print at. When refering to digital cameras DPI is also a measurement of resolution. However, when discussing resolution, often times the better the resolution is the better the picture will turn out. The only problem with having a high resolution camera is that if the printer that is used to print off can't print at the same resolution that the camera took the picture at, the quality of the picture won't be as good. If you are going to look at buying a digital camera the better measure of resolution and quality is usually megapixels. It depends on what you are using the term to describe. The term photo quality really does not have a specific definition. Exact usage is dependent on the user or equipment manufacturer.
Many scanner manufacturers describe a scanner setting of 300dpi as photo quality because they say that higher settings do not enhance the quality of the resulting scanned image when stored as a .jpg image (the most common consumer picture format). Others describe 600dpi scanning as photo quality when scanning photo negatives.
Printer manufacturers describe various print resolutions as photo quality depending on when the description was written. These have included resolutions of 600dpi in the past. Many color inkjet printers tout print capabilities of over 4000dpi. Laser jet rprint resolutions seem to have a baseline of 600dpi. The subjective quality of a printed photo will depend on the technology (laserjet, inkjet, dye sublimation,etc) and quality of the printer.
Photo Quality depends both on the input source (scanned photo, scanned photo negative, etc) and the output source (computer screen, printed digital photo, etc). When using computer screens, IPODs, and digital picture frames you are using a limited number of pixels up to a bout 2 megapixels on the larger computer screeens and much less on IPODs (because of the screen size), so higher resolution will gain you nothing. For most consumer usage, scans and prints of photos made at 600dpi resolutions will be more than adequate.
How do you calculate grains per pound from relative humidity and temperature?
Given the relative humidities at various temperatures, calculate the absolute humidities (in grains of water per pound of air) at those temperatures. The absolute humidity of the ambient air is the saturation humidity multiplied by the percentage relative humidity and divided by 100: Habs = (Hsat )(RH / 100) where: Habs = absolute humidity at a given temp Hsat = saturation humidity at the same given temp RH = percentage relative humidity at the same given temp First, you must calculate the saturation humidity at each of your temperature data points: Hsat = (7000)(18.02 / 28.85)(PS)/(Pamb - PS) where: Hsat = grains of water per pound of air 7000 = grains per pound 18.02 = molecular weight of water 28.85 = molecular weight of dry air (taken as 79 vol % nitrogen, 21 vol % oxygen) PS = vapor pressure of water at temperature T Pamb = ambient pressure (You will need a good set of steam tables to look up the vapor pressure of water at each of your temperature data points) Example calculation of Hsat at 68 oF and an ambient atmospheric pressure of 14.696 psia: From the steam tables, the vapor pressure of water is 0.3389 psia at 68 oF. Hsat = (7000)(18.02/28.85)(0.3389)/(14.696 - 0.3389) = 103.2 grains of water/lb of air Now if your relative humidity data point at 68 oF was say 60%, then: Habs = (103.2)(60/100) = 61.9 grains of water/lb of air It is quite easy to set up a spreadsheet to convert your relative humidity data as per the above example ... then all that would be needed is to enter the water vapor pressure values at each of your temperature data points.
You can also just use calculator apps to do it for you - like EZ Air: http://www.parkssoft.com/ezair.html
How do you convert an architectural scale measurement to an engineering scale measurement?
It's not too difficult once you see how its done. Let's take a look at some common arch. units converted to eng. units. when converting, remember, you do not have to convert the whole foot numbers. So youre just focused on converting the inches and fractions of an inch. So:
1" = 1"/12"= .08' (take your inches and divide them by 12")
2" = 2"/12" = .16'
3" = 3"/12" = .25'
and so on. for fractions of an inch:
1/8" = (1/8)/12 = .01' (divide 1 by 8, and then divide that 12)
1/4" = (1/4)/12 = .02'
1/2" = (1/2)/12 = .04'
and so on. For example, let's say you needed to convert 12' 5 1/2" to engineering units. It would be as follows:
12' is, well, 12'
5 1/2" can also be written as 5.5". So, 5.5"/12" = .4583
Therefore 12' 5 1/2" converts to 12.4583'.
What is the material of vernier caliper?
Vernier Caliper are made with different materials even plastic vernier calipers are also available in market however generally stainless steel is used in making of vernier calipers
Nuclear engineering in Pakistan after fsc pre engineering?
There is no institution in Pakistan that offers BS degree in Nuclear Engineering...There is two for MS degree and their names are Pakistan institute of applied sciences islamabad and Kanupp....so you ll have to get a BS degree from any other country and come back to Pakistan if you want and get MS degree from here.but its not so advanced so its better you take to abroad .warm wishes
Why sponge iron catch fire when it contect with water?
Sponge iron contains carbon oxygen iron sulphur phosphorus when water is mixed it form reaction between oxygen and hydrogen it produce enomous heat that its starting to burn --
It is as good as adding weight below waterline. So the center of gravity will move towards the keel and the GM will increase as KM-KG=GM. It may be subjected to Free surface correction till it gets filled up finally. Till then the GM loss may be experienced. Captain PK JAIN It is as good as adding weight below waterline. So the center of gravity will move towards the keel and the GM will increase as KM-KG=GM. It may be subjected to Free surface correction till it gets filled up finally. Till then the GM loss may be experienced. Captain PK JAIN There are two methods of calculating ship's stability. one is constant displacement( also known as buoyancy method) method and another is added weight method.
Generating 5136 alarm fanuc control cnc?
ALARM 5136 (FSSB: NUMBER OF AMPS IS SMALL)
The number of servo amplifiers recognized by the FSSB is insufficient,
compared with the number of controlled axes.
Most of the time the problem is an optical cable. When an optical cable is unplugged from the socket, there should be a red light coming out of one of the optical cables AND a red light coming out of the opposite side of the socket.
FSSB setting screen
If this alarm is issued, display the amplifier setting screen from the FSSB
setting screen. Only the servo amplifiers recognized on the FSSB are
displayed.
Optical cable or servo amplifier
The optical cable that connects together the last recognized amplifier and
the next one may be defective.
Or, either of the amplifiers connected together with that optical cable may
be defective. Check the power supplies of the amplifiers.
Power fault of a servo amplifier
This alarm may be issued if a power fault occurs in a servo amplifier. A
power fault occurs if the amplifier control power supply voltage drops,
if the +5 V conductor of the pulse coder cable is ground, or for other
reasons.
Axis control cards
The axis control cards installed on the CNC may be defective.
See Section 8.14 for explanations about the mounting location of the axis
control card.
Why capacitors may pose an electric shock even in unpowered circuits?
Capacitors are used to store electricity in a circuit, so even when the circuit is unpowered, so long as it's still functional, it would still give off a small electric shock due to electric charge present in capacitor.
What are reasons that capacity and location decisions are usually made simultaneously?
Probably the most common reason for this is that the capacity of something has a major impact on where it can be located to begin with. For instance, you couldn't fit the normal size 70 Liter capacity gas tank under the hood of your car, because the engine is there and there isn't room for the tank as well.
Fundamentally, to provide availability, you need to have (a) replicated components in the architecture so that in the event of one component failing, you can switch immediately to a backup component.
You also need to have several copies of the data that is being processed. Security requires minimizing the number of copies of the data and, wherever possible, adopting an architecture where each component only knows as much as it needs to, to do its job. This reduces the chance of intruders accessing the data.
Therefore, there is a fundamental architectural conflict between availability (replication, several copies) and security (specialization, minimal copies). The system architect has to find the best compromise between these fundamentally opposing requirements.
What is the use of the tail stock sleeve in centre lathe machine?
Tails tock sleeves are used on CNC lathes. It is the equivalent to a tail stock quill on a center lathe but in this case it uses hydraulic pressure to move it in and out of the tail stock.
The function of both tail stock sleeve or quill is to clamp the workpiece by means of a center that is inserted into the sleeve or quill. On a center lathe it is used for drilling also but not on a CNC lathe.
i don't know
geez just do some research u lazy fatty
iron
A bottle of compressed gas. The K references a specific wet volume of 49.9L. Other std sizes can be found on the related link.
This term can also refer to a vial (bottle) of the (mostly veterinary) anesthetic Ketamine.
What is error code e-03 on topcon 303 total station?
Error message displayed when an internal problem presits. You have to turn off and then back ON total station just before starting to operate...If the problem was not fixed this way you have to send your instrument for repair.
Self orthogonal trajectories are a family of curves whose family of orthogonal trajectories is the same as the given family. This is a term that is not very widely used.
