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Manufacturing

Manufacturing is the use of tools, machines and labor to produce goods for sale or use. It may refer to various human activities ranging from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production where raw materials are transformed into finished goods.

8,256 Questions

What are the Filipino buying behaviors?

buena-mano habits

tawad habit

dagdag habit

suki habit

How much paper is wasted per billboard?

about 2 sheets a day. But if that goes on for a week, 14 sheets of paper are already wasted!

What does open stock mean in shippment?

Stock which has been removed from its original packaging but is otherwise new.

(Display models, etc.)

Full warranties will usually still apply.

Merchandise kept in stock so as to enable customers to replace or supplement articles, such as dishes, purchased in sets.

Found at http://www.thefreedictionary.com/open+stock

What is the cost?

There are two principles towards cost. 1) Business and 2)Final consumer cost all are affected by fixed expense and variable expenses. Fixed expenses are items that do not increase and remain a stable rate. While variable expenses fluctuate constantly either low or high pending demand, or other conditions.

In Business cost this is all the expenses that make a finished good or services.

-Business are affected by fixed and variable expenses - labor, raw materials and overhead such as utilities and etc. The common variable expense as consumers are fluctuating fuel prices and other items where some final valuations change - it too can change pending the buying terms if set into interest or loans per buying increasing cost.

In Consumer costs it's all the expenses incur towards the consumers final cost to buy the product.

-Consumer costs are marked up beyond the actual cost of the product via shipping, distribution, taxes, profit mark-ups and interest if items are purchased on credit.

Cost Accounting

In accounting determining actual costs and measuring means to decrease expenses and maintain competitive pricing. Or measure where costs increase due to identifying insufficient means of production, distribution and valuation. All is dependent upon identifying expenses, managing expenses and determine the final valuation is an appropriate cost that enables profit and suitable market price for consumers matching their buying power limitations.

What does 'suite of services' mean?

Suite of services is a term used to describe all the service offerings or products a business has for customers. When you purchase a suite of services, the services and products complement each other.

What are retailing costs?

Some of the many costs involved in retailing are:

  1. rent
  2. utilities
  3. taxes
  4. insurance
  5. employees
  6. furniture / display fixtures
  7. supplies
  8. shipping the goods to you
  9. telephones
  10. computers
  11. legal fees
  12. advertising
  13. loan expenses
  14. inventory
  15. permits / licenses
  16. web hosting (for e-tail)
  17. software
  18. shrinkage

What is ansi x12 version 4010?

ANSI X12 is the EDI (Electronic Data Interchange) standard used primarily in North America. Any EDI standard provides specifications for the layout of common business documents, such as Purchases Orders, Invoices, Advance Ship Notices, Medical Claim Forms, and the like. EDI standards boards meet from time to time to discuss modifications to the standard. Version 4010 then, is just one of the versions of the ANSI X12 standard, just like 3040, 4020, 5010, etc. A new version of the standard does not render previous versions obsolete however; two parties exchanging X12 documents may use any version of the standard they wish. The current standards mandated in US for certain electronic medical transactions industry wide are in the ANSI, American National Standards Institute, X12 standing committee, n, insurance subcommittee, transaction sets. A transaction set is an electronic model of a paper transaction or form. The Standards for medical transactions are 837 for medical claims, 835 for medical claim payments, 270 eligiibility inquiry and 271 eligibility response, 276 claim status, 277 claims status response, 820 enrollmnet and 834 premium payments. These are currently mandated, 2008, to be in version 4 release 1 known as 4010. An ANSI standard needs an implementation guide to determine how much of the standard is used and how it is used. There are actually three types of claims represented by different implementation guides in the 837 transactin set. They are known in the industry as 837P for professional services, 837I for institutional services and 837D for dental services. Copies of these standards may be found at the web site of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services contractor, WPC-EDI.com. There is a an expectation that the new standards will be anounced in early 2009 to be the version 5 release 1, known as 5010. The 5010 is essentially an updated 4010 with some of the confusion removed.

Are red ryders made in the USA?

I own two Daisy Red Ryder's and I still have all the packing. I looked over each box and rifle and could only find the name Rogers Arkansas on both of them. I could not find "Made in China" anywhere. So I can only guess that they are made here in the USA. But it is possible that they do ship out some of the work to China.

What are fidelity bond limits?

A "fidelity bond limit" is the actual dollar amount of insurance protection provided by the fidelity bond/insurance contract. E.g., a $100,000 fidelity bond will pay up to $100,000 in covered loss that exceeds the applicable deductible on the bond, if any. A "fidelity bond limit" is the actual dollar amount of insurance protection provided by the fidelity bond/insurance contract. E.g., a $100,000 fidelity bond will pay up to $100,000 in covered loss that exceeds the applicable deductible on the bond, if any.

Are Springfield Armory guns made in the USA?

The Springfield XD say Made In Croatia on them. answer #2.... My 1911A1 was made in the USA, in Ma., where most the company is based.

What is direct labor?

Direct labor is that workers cost which directly involve in production of goods like factory workers or furniture maker etc.

What is direct cost?

Direct cost is that cost which is directly attributable to products like material and labor.

What is the importance of food cost control?

The importance of food cost control is to maintain profit margins for the business. In a restaurant food costs and labor are the highest expenses to the business.

Will stainless steel react when in cotact with aluminum?

Not usually, but this can vary by alloys. There are many dozens of Stainless Steels and hundreds or more Aluminum alloys. The common as you can see in chart are very reactive with many steels and other metals.

Your asking about "Galvantic Response". To prevent this insulate with some material.

= CORROSION: GALVANONIC CORROSION = When two different metals are immersed in a corrosive solution, each will develop a corrosion potential. If the corrosion potential of the two metals is significantly different, and they are in direct contact and immersed in an electrolyte, the more noble metal will become the cathode and the more active metal will become the anode. A measurable current may flow between the anode and the cathode. The corrosion rate of the anode will be increased and the cathode decreased. The increased corrosion of the anode is called "galvanic corrosion". In order for galvanic corrosion to occur, three elements are required. 1) Dissimilar metals

2) Metal-to-metal contact

3) Metals in the same conduction solution (usually called an electrolyte) This can be air/water or moisture no just "solutions".

If any of these elements is missing, galvanic corrosion cannot occur. If, for example, the direct contact between the two metals is prevented (plastic washer, paint film etc.) there cannot be galvanic corrosion. The greater the corrosion potential of each metal (the more active or more noble) the greater the potential for corrosion. The "galvanic series" has been developed to list the various metals in order from most active to most noble:

SCALE:

More Anodic |

Magnesium

Galvanized Steel

Aluminum Mild Steel Low Alloy Steel Cast Iron Lead Tin Muntz Metal Yellow Brass Red Brass Copper Aluminum Bronze Silver Stainless Steel (430) Stainless Steel (304) Stainless Steel (316) Monel Silver Titanium GOLD

|

V

More Cathodic

The greater the separation between the two metals listed, the greater the corrosion potential. For example, if zinc (think galvanized steel) which is an active material and near the top of the list and stainless steel, a noble metal and near the bottom of the list were in direct contact and in the presence of an electrolyte (water), galvanic corrosion will probably occur.

Why is it important to know direct and indirect costs?

Fundamentally the process of defining the variable and fixed costs allows management to create a synopsis of the final unit cost. However it is the combination factors of the unit cost multiplied by the total output to be created that will finalize the price point. The flexibility here allows the pricing structure to adjust according to the market actual resistance or expectation.

When the product is seating at the storage until is sold, the same creates addtional cost that must be absorbed by the time it takes to sell. Management decisions and accountants realistic approach to correct the price structure will allow the company to operate in the most profitable manner possible and guaranteeing its sustainability.

Renato Souza - Brazilian Economist 2010 wrensouza@yahoo.com

To add to Renato's thorough response, from a practical point of you, the US government requires you to track direct and indirect costs separately if you have cost-reimbursable contracts with them. The Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) and Cost Accounting Standards (CAS) have very strict standards regarding the tracking of direct costs and allocation of indirect costs among government contracts. Designing your system to do this from the beginning will solve you a lot of headache later if you decide to do business with the federal government.

Mark Goldstein - Government Contracting Consultant

What is work in process control?

process control is the one where we study about different process like temperature, flow, pressure, level, etc.,. and about different controllers like P, PI, PD, PID controllers to monitor and control the process automatically. ============================================================ The above although correct is not reflective of what process control engineers do which is more generic than working on controllers. Ultimately the job of a process control engineer is to do one of three actions i) to stabilise the process ii) to optimise the process by incrementing yield and or throughput iii) to optimise energy usage. How this is achieved by the process control engineer is the utilisation of control engineering knowledge (which includes the knowledge of control algorithms such as PID), but additionally incorporates an enormously diverse field such as process operations, process technology, signal processing, statistics and stochastics while supported by other fields such as computing and decision theory. Its the wide array of sub-technologies that are needed to effectively apply process control that on one hand interests some while on the other hand scares other. Ultimately as with all other forms of technology, process control and especially the higher forms of control are applied to generate step improvements in control stability and thereafter profitability.