Mufflers and Tailpipes

HYDROCARBONS (HC) unburned fuel entering atmosphere. Gasoline in its liquid form is a hydrocarbon. (raw fuel) misfire indicator (ignition system or compression problem)

220 old 30 new

OXIDES OF NITROGEN (NOx) are nitrgen mixed with oxygen at high pressure and temperature (2500 F) if fails for NOx EGR or timing problem

CARBON MONOXIDE (CO) tasteless, odorless, invisible gas. (rich indicator)Fuel system problem

1.2 for 95 or older .3 newer

OXYGEN (O2) lean indicator, vacuum leak or lack of fuel

CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) efficiency indicator, the higher the better. More it produces better it is

this is straight out of my notes on emissions, on how to use a four gas analyzer. water may also come out, this is natural, dont worry about it.

If you are riding on public land, the answer is YES! Most forests now have a noise restriction of around 96 db. Without the muffler there is no way you will meet this noise requirement. Also, when removing the muffler, you will probably be removing the spark arrestor which is almost always required on public land - - without this simple screen in the tail pipe, the motor can shoot sparks out the pipe, igniting wildfires.

Unburned fuel in the exhaust system causes the backfire from the exhaust pipe.

Fuel still getting into the intake, Usually inhanced by A slight exhaust leak.

Replace If it has a hole or leak in it, replace it. A leaking muffler is a very dangerous thing. I know, I had a very serious accident from a leaking muffler. Carbon Monxide is a odorless, tasteless, killer. It put me to sleep and I never saw it coming. I did however wake up just in time to see the tree coming, and was unable to miss it. Spent 2 weeks in the hospital over a $20 muffler. Get yourself a new muffler.

Reverse has nothing to do with it, unless the smoke is coming from your differential. White smoke typically indicates you are burning oil somewhere.

Snow, watr, or ice getting into your exaust pipe then it melts...

Yes you can thats what they used to be made out of

if you have blue smoke coming into the exhaust that means your piston rings are bad and are letting oil into your combustion chamber and then causing the oil to be burned with your air fuel mixture and that's why your exhaust is blue from having that burnt oil dumped out of the exhaust valve and out the exhaust

I believe it is a heat shield.

If this is on a vehicle that needs to stay emissions legal, then yes, you need to keep your cats. Otherwise, you can remove your cats and it will remove some of the restriction in your exhaust system. This would translate to more horsepower, torque, and a little better mileage. You'll also have a smellier exhaust.

As for single vs duals, that will depend on your engine. If you let your exhaust piping get too big in diameter, your exhaust gas velocity at low RPMs will drop, and you will feel a loss in low end torque. You might see an increase in peak horsepower. For a large engine (making 400+ HP), you could still be fine with a single 3 inch exhaust. If you really want the dual exhaust, at 400 HP you probably should go with 2 inch piping. Maybe 2.25. Any larger and you risk losing low end torque. If this is a 4X4 going mudding, or going to be an exclusive track car, you could go larger, because you'll be keeping that engine at higher RPMs.

If you want the dual exhaust look, but want to keep the low end torque, there are mufflers that take a single inlet and have two outlets. This would allow you the best of both worlds.

Noisy exhaust, exhaust smells entering passenger compartment. holes rusted seam, or if the engine has been backfired it will appear swelled up near the middle also if it makes a rattle sound when struck it may have loose or broken baffles inside

The average price for an official Harley Davidson exhaust pipe should lie around 250-450 dollars. More information can be found at the website 'TheHouseofHarley'.

Inside smoke is water vapour, products of the combustion which may contain carcinogenic substances, and unburnt or partly burnt particulates.

Sometimes, an exhaust system is a perfect fit for your vehicle's power band. When that happens, your car, truck, or SUV feels faster and more responsive. Other times…you feel like you've wasted your money on a performance part that didn't improve performance. Usually, when an exhaust system disrupts your engine's power curve, it's because you've made one of the mistakes below.

Well, it is normal for older vehicles to develop some leaks (small) and for most cars to burn oil (1/2 qt every three months). However, it sounds like you should really talk to your oil changer and ask them what oil they are using and what the old oil looks like. If it has water, coolant, or has a big leak you need to look at repair/replacement.

the cylinder head gasket needs to be checked

you have a blown head gasket or a crack in your engine block. this is causing water to leak into your cylinders and evaorate in the heat blowing lots of steam out of your exhaust.

blown gasket = new gasket cracked block = new engine

and stop over revving your engine. shift BEFORE redline and if you have, DO NOT bounce the rev limiter.

if you engine spins to fast, it gets to hot. if it gets to hot, you blow seals, break stuff, or crack your block.

Did you perhaps not have enough antifreeze in the system during a cold spell, allowing the coolant to freeze, expand and crack the block?

This sounds to me like one of the sensors could be giving you a problem. The areas I would look at are the throttle cable, and check the sensor connections one may be loose, with the choke light coming on that would point to the throttle cable or the idle. Check out the articles at Auto Tap they are pretty good on this area. There are several DIY aticles if you go back to the homepage, I put the link for the Check Engine Light below

to help reduce air pollution

It could, if it's leaking.

If you're simply going to replace an exhaust fan a good idea would be to take the one you're going to replace with you. If you go to Home Depot, and show them the exhaust fan you're going to replace they will help you in choosing the right replacement.

If its smells like gas, you are putting too much gas in the engine and some is unburnt and going out the exhaust. Exhaust underneath means there is a leak in the system somewhere. If there is no louder noise or hissing, I would expect the catalytic converter is leaking. Have it checked and get a tune up. http://www.autozone.com/servlet/UiBroker?UseCase=S001&UserAction=viewSimpleDiagInfo&Parameters=info answer bad exhaust pipe

The white smoke is water left in the muffler, it is drawn in when engine is shut off. It smell like gasoline, because the engine is burning one third of the gas, and discharging the rest with exhaust. http://www.autozone.com/servlet/UiBroker?UseCase=S001&UserAction=viewSimpleDiagInfo&Parameters=info

if the smoke is white and you've over heated the car in the past there is a good chance that you have blown the head gasket or even the heads sorry

Unburnt fuel