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Differentials

A differential is a mechanical device that transfers torque from one shaft to two other shafts. These devices are frequently used in the automotive industry and come in a variety of forms depending on the application.

1,107 Questions

What is the difference between a locking differential and a limited slip differential?

A normal differential allows one drive wheel to go slightly faster than the other, as is needed during turns. When a vehicle goes around a corner, the right and left wheels actually travel different distances, with the "inside" wheel traveling significantly less than the outside wheel. A differential allows those wheels to both receive power while traveling at different rates, but if one wheel is slipping, such as might happen when it is on ice, there can be very little pulling force on either wheel.

A locking differential does just that, it locks the axle to force the wheels to go the same speed. While that is an excellent idea to help you get traction in the mud or other slippery surfaces, it can cause significant problems when you try to go around a corner. Many large trucks and earth moving equipment use locking differentials to provide additional traction.

A limited slip differential is kind of a hybrid between the two types of differential. In a limited slip differential, the wheels are allowed to move at different speeds but the internal clutch puts tension on both, causing the axles to both receive power. Limited slip differentials can be troublesome, since the clutch will quickly wear out if both drive tires are not the same size or don't have the same amount of wear.

What is the gear ratio for a 1988 k2500?

There are four ways to find a ratio.

1 A dealer can normally tell from the vin number.

2 There are normally tags or labels on the axle that have part number, gear ratio, and fluid requirement

info.

3 You can count how many times you have to turn the driveshaft to get one complete turn of the tires.

4 You can divide the number of teeth on the ring gear and divide by number of teeth on the pinion.

How do you change front differential fluid in a 1994 Chevy S10 truck?

Unbolt the differential cover while the diff sits over a drain pan, let it drain, scrape off the gasket, ensure the mating area is clean, replace the gasket and secure it with some RTV, replace the cover... there might be a specific torque spec set by the OEM, but I've always just done "tight is tight" without a problem on my Blazer, remove the fill plug on the side of the diff, add the recommended amount of 75W-90 gear oil (the amount, I don't remember offhand), replace the fill plug.

What is differential threshold?

The differential threshold of retinal sensitivity, as contrasted with the absolute threshold, has also been investigated in amblyopic eyes. In testing the differential threshold, one asks how much brighter than its surroundings a test field must be so that it may be just perceived.

A number of workers studied this question, and most found a slight elevation of the differential threshold of amblyopic eyes, provided the test field was small enough, on the order of magnitude of a few minutes. In other words, a small, shallow relative scotoma of the amblyopic eyes could be shown to exist. Various methods have been used to establish this fact, among them monocular static perimetry. Aulhorn19reported on 70 amblyopes tested with this method, 35 of whom had foveolar or extrafoveolar depression, 26 had only flattening of the curve, and 9 had the normal foveolar peak in their sensitivity curve. Donahue and coworkers120 recently revisited this problem, using automated perimetry. They found that all types of amblyopia are associated with a generalized depression of light sensitivity, which was proportionately greatest at the fovea and highly correlated with visual acuity loss.

A higher-than-normal central differential threshold was also found by EF Miller309 under photopic conditions using rectangular test objects in the shape of luminous bars or slits of different widths. Grosvenor174 confirmed the work of Miller but added important amplifications by testing normal and amblyopic eyes over a wide range of exposure times and background luminance levels. He found that "the normal and amblyopic eyes have essentially equal thresholds at the absolute threshold level, which substantiates the work of Wald and Burian." In addition, the fact that the thresholds for the two eyes are not the same at higher luminance levels "bears out their prediction that amblyopia has its effects mainly at higher levels of luminance."174 Because of the impaired differential threshold of the light-adapted amblyopic eyes, Harms184 questioned the conclusion by Wald and Burian457 that the entire apparatus of simple light perception was normal in amblyopic eyes. However, Wald456 pointed out that every brightness discrimination involved some degree of form discrimination, which indeed is impaired in amblyopia. Jung234 explained the apparent contradiction between the findings of Wald and Burian and those of Harms by the following neurophysiologic considerations. The lateral inhibition, essential to contrast vision and visual acuity, disappears in dark adaptation, and spatial summation prevails. For scotopic vision there is no reduction in darklight perception, and diffuse light perception is retained by the amblyopic eye. This favors a separate neuronal mechanism for brightness perception.

Herzau and coworkers201 measured the differential light thresholds in the nasal and temporal visual field periphery in patients with strabismic amblyopia and found consistent threshold elevation in the nasal field. These data may be the psychophysical correlate of our finding that in human strabismic amblyopia the LGN has the most pronounced cell shrinkage in layers connected with the temporal retina, which corresponds to the nasal visual field.348

Bowering and coworkers53 evaluated the visual field with manual Goldmann perimetry in patients with deprivation amblyopia from congenital cataracts. They found in all children a restricted field, especially temporally, even when the deprivation began as late as 6 years of age and lasted less than 6 months. The restrictions were larger than those shown by the adults who developed cataracts. The restrictions were also larger after longer deprivation and monocular deprivation than after binocular deprivation. However, children who regularly patched the fellow nondeprived eye and, therefore, experienced less interocular competition, exhibited smaller restrictions temporally. Neither visual acuity nor optical factors could account for all of the restrictions in the deprived children.

Where can you find the rear axle gear ratio for a 2006 Dodge Durango?

There are four ways to find a ratio.

1 A dealer can normally tell from the vin number.

2 There are normally tags or labels on the axle that have part number, gear ratio, and fluid requirement info.

3 You can count how many times you have to turn the driveshaft to get one complete turn of the tires.

4 You can divide the number of teeth on the ring gear and divide by number of teeth on the pinion.

Why won't Plymouth Prowler shift?

The Plymouth Prowler is generally considered an automatic, however it does have a device on the stick shifter that will allow you to overide and shift manually. courtesy of www.TheProwlerStore.com

Will THE 1994-1996 9c1 caprice REAR END fit A 1986 caprice classic?

Actually yes it will. Caprice/Impalas from 1977-1996 Share the same basic chassis. It will fit, also how do I know for a fact? I have a 9c1 rear end in my 88 caprice. Also just about any and all Suspension parts from a 91-96 caprice/impala will work with a 77-90 caprice/impala.

However you will now have two different bolt patterns, unless you have a 80's 9c1 police package caprice which I believe did come with the same 5x5 bolt pattern as the 91's caprice/impalas

How do you know if a truck has posi traction?

jack up drive axle with vehicle in neutral and turn one tire. If the tire on opposite side turns the same direction as the one you did you have posi traction. If it turns the other direction its a diff.

1985 w250 dodge does not go into 4wd transfer case works?

First check to see if the front drive shaft turns. If it turns then check for 4wd light. If no light then your vacuum shift motor is not working. On the top of your axle there is box bolted on the axle with an eletrical conector and two vacuum tubes. There are three reasons why it doesn't work. 1. There is no vacuum to the motor, check for vacuum pressure at the motor. 2. the solenoid (part where vacuum hoses connects) put about 15hg vacuum on outside vacuum port and block off inside port. With vacuum on jack up front end and try to tun drivers side tire. If drive shaft turns when you turn the wheel then problem is related to vacuum. if not then either solenoid is bad or the guide bushing inside is bad. Unbolt the shift motor and try to slide the spline conector back and forth. You should be able to push the connector over fairly easy, you might have to turn the tire a little. If it does not slide over the other axle then the bushing is bad and you'll need to pull the axle and replace. If it slides over the other axle then the solenoid is bad.

How do you know if your transmission is going out?

  • For an automatic transmission, one of the first signs is when it's slow to shift into gear after you first start it in the morning. If it takes more than a half second to a second from the time you put it in gear until you feel it engage, the transmission valve body seals are starting to leak.
  • After that, a failing transmission will start to "slip" when you accelerate. That feels more like you're sliding into gear rather than the nice, crisp shift of a tight transmission. Either condition can be caused by poor or inadequate maintenance. It's important to change the automatic transmission fluid and filter on any vehicle with more than 70,000 miles on it, then yearly after that. If a filter becomes plugged, you'll end up with low hydraulic pressure and the transmission won't be able to shift properly.
  • When you have the fluid changed, they'll almost always tell you that you have sediment in the bottom of the transmission and often they'll tell you to have it rebuilt because of that sediment. If the transmission is shifting ok (crisp shifts), don't let them rebuild it. A little TLC often helps with transmissions.
  • If you're asking about a manual transmission, they're going bad when they make strange, howling noises or if the synchromesh isn't working. Synchro can be affected by a clutch that won't fully disengage, but if the clutch is ok and it's still grinding or difficult to shift, you may need new synchro rings.

Will a 95 Z71 rear axle fit a 89 Suburban?

yes you have to move the spring perches about 1 inch towards the outside but the 95 still has the crappy gov lock and will break if mudded

What is the gear ratio for a 2000 Chevrolet silverado lt?

There were a couple options available - even more so, since you didn't tell us whether it was a 1500, 2500, or 3500, and whether it's 2WD or 4WD - LT is just a trim package, nothing more. 3.08, 3.23, 3.55, 3.73, and 4.11 are common rear end gear ratios for GM light duty trucks. You'd need to look at the corresponding RPO codes on the sticker in the glove compartment to know which one yours has.

How do you change differential oil on a 4x4 suburban?

If it is the rear one, Then you have to remove the rear end plate to drain it.

The front has a drain plug just above the skid plate, on the right bottom side. and a fill plug above the drain plug.

What is the relation between ordinary differentiation and partial differentiation?

in case of partial differentiation ,

suppose a z is a function of x and y

so in partial differentiation of z w.r.t x all other variables except x are considered to be constant

but on the contrary in differentiation process they are not considered as constant unless stated .

What is the part no for 99 ford crown Victoria rear differential unit?

That will depend on which differential you have. There is more than one. Find the metal tag located under one of the differential cover bolts on the rear end housing.

What are the gear ratios for a 87 prelude si 5 speed?

You have to know three things, the transmission type, the transfer case type, The rear axle gear ratio. Also in some cases, the underdrive. Enter the information in the site linked below and you will get your answers.

How do you find the gear ratio of an axle?

There are four ways to find a ratio.

1 A dealer can normally tell from the vin number.

2 There are normally tags or labels on the axle that have part number, gear ratio, and fluid requirement

info.

3 You can count how many times you have to turn the driveshaft to get one complete turn of the tires.

4 You can divide the number of teeth on the ring gear and divide by number of teeth on the pinion.

Is a timing belt part of the drivetrain?

The timing belt turns the camshaft that operates the valves in the cylinder head. So its related to the enigine rather then drivetrain

Will a wheel still move if other drive shaft is broke?

The wheel with the good drive shaft will not move the car. The differential in the trans-axle will always send power to the axle (wheel) with the least resistance. There for the side with the broken shaft will be the axle that turns.

How do you calculate a gear ratio?

Divide driven teeth be drive teeth,

ie: 41/11=3.727272727 (3.73:1)