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Immune System

This category is for questions about how our bodies identify and fight off disease, infection or pathogens through specialized cells, tissues and organs. The system that does this is called the immune system. It produces antibodies which recognize intruders and neutralizes potentially pathogenic organisms or substances.

4,548 Questions

Should you cough when youre sick?

depends upon the illness. If you have a respiratory illness, then yes you should cough because that removes the mucus that the bacteria and other irritants are. However, if you have a throat infection coughing will only aggravate symptoms; you should instead try to have water (nothing with acid, alcohol, or caffeine in it) on you at all times to calm a tickle in your throat.

What is a privileged organ?

Brain is supposed to be the most 'privileged' organ. Others may say that your heart is the most 'privileged' organ. As such all body organs are very important. You know there importance, once they do not function.

What should a person being treated with anti rheumatic drugs do in the case of Swine Flu?

There are a number of different actions depending on what drugs are involved Go to the related link below(Advice for rheumatic patients concerning swine flu H1N1) for advice on this from the Australian Rheumatology Association, go to the related link below.
If you are undergoing treatment with a immune suppressant there is an extra risk of contracting an infection, therefore it may be wise to consult a doctor.

What pathogens respond to antibodies?

Pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites can respond to antibodies produced by the immune system. Antibodies work by binding to specific antigens on the surface of pathogens, marking them for destruction by other immune cells. This antibody response is a key component of the adaptive immune system's defense mechanism against infections.

What can you do to stop biting your nails?

get gel nails. you can't bite them. (once i bit one off though!) it hurts! You can buy some stuff from chemists to put on them which makes them taste horrible to bite.

What problems can a bad o2 sensor cause?

Bad O2 sensor or O2 sensor not working properly

O2 sensor senses the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gases and send signal to ECU to regulate Air fuel ratio.

If O2 sensor is bad or not working then it does not work effectively so air fuel ratio is not maintained. And it may create following causes.

  • Increased tailpipe emissions
  • Hesitation on acceleration
  • Increased fuel consumption
  • Rough idling
  • Stalling
  • And of course Sensor Light on dash indicates problem

How do you use pathogen in a sentence?

As part of his work on curing diseases the doctor had studied many pathogens with his microscope.

What is the function of cyclosis?

  • Cyclosis helps in movement of cell organelles and cell inclusions.
  • It helps in distributions of materials inside the cell.
  • It helps in formation of pseudopodia in Amoeba and leucocytes.

What is the difference between granular and non-granular leukocytes?

The difference is that granular leukocytes have granules in their cytoplasm while non-granular do not. Also granular leukocytes, such as neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils respond to non-specific immunity and their main job is to digest pathogens. The non-granular leukocytes include lymphocytes and monocytes and they are part of the specific immune response of the body. The are called non-granular because their cytoplasm is clear and does not contain granules that show up with the addition of stain or dyes.

Gastric protease operates most efficiently in the presence of hydrochloric acid Which pH range would be optimal for gastric protease?

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What is the role of macrophages in stimulating B lymphocytes?

some B lymphocytes are taken by macrophages to lymph nodes during the invasion the pathogen. The macrophages the exposes the pathogen's antigens to the B cells in the lymph nodes,The B cells with the matching receptor of the specific antigens respond by dividing repeatedly by mitosis, producing huge numbers over a few weeks.

Can painkillers kill pathogens?

Pain killers only do just that- help to kill pain. Pathogens such as bacteria are not killed by pain medicine. Antibiotics are prescribed to kill some pathogens, but currently no antibiotics are also pain killers as well.

What does it mean that a microorganism is non-pathogenic?

A pathogen = a virus.

An organism, macro or micro, is alive, but viruses cannot technically be considered 'living.'

Thus, non-pathogenic means 'not a virus'.

Which juices boost the immune system?

There are several juices you can drink that boost the immune system. The best juice that would help would be orange juice.

How can you tell if a toenail is dead?

The dead nail will begin to detach (and eventually fall off) while a new toenail grows in.

What basic principles of antibody-mediated immunity are utilized in an ELISA assay?

The basic principles are; antibodies will be produced in any signs of infection, or abnormality. Then these antibodies are desiged specifically to target, and bind to specfic antigens.

If a virus differs from other pathogens is it more dangerous?

A virus being different from other pathogens, such as bacteria or fungi, does not inherently make it more dangerous. The danger posed by a virus depends on various factors, including its mode of transmission, virulence, and the host's immune response. Some viruses can cause severe disease in certain populations, while others may be less harmful. Ultimately, each pathogen's risk level must be assessed on a case-by-case basis.