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International Government
International government includes the way that governments organize themselves, internally and externally. Ask questions here about the government, history, organization, office holders and traditions of nations not covered elsewhere in the site, relations between states and systems of international governance like the United Nations.
3,766 Questions
Who are current famous world leaders of 2011?
Abkhazia - Pres. Alexander Ankvab since May 2011
Afghanistan - Pres. Hamid Karzai since December 2001
Albania - Pres. Bujar Nishani since July 2012
Algeria - Pres. Abdelaziz Bouteflika since April 1999
Angola - Pres. José Eduardo dos Santos since September 1979
Argentina - Pres. Cristina Fernández de Kirchner since December 2007
Armenia - Pres. Serzh Sargsyan since April 2008
Austria - Pres. Heinz Fischer since July 2004
Azerbaijan - Pres. Ilham Aliyev since October 2003
Bangladesh - Acting Pres. Abdul Hamid since March 2013
Belarus - Pres. Alexander Lukashenko since July 1994
Benin - Pres. Yayi Boni since April 2006
Bolivia - Pres. Evo Morales since January 2006
Botswana - Pres. Ian Khama since April 2008
Brazil - Pres. Dilma Rousseff since January 2011
Bulgaria - Pres. Rosen Plevneliev since January 2012
Burkina Faso - Pres. Blaise Compaoré since October 1987
Burundi - Pres. Pierre Nkurunziza since August 2005
Cameroon - Pres. Paul Biya since November 1982
Cape Verde - Pres. Jorge Carlos Fonseca since September 2011
Central African Republic - Pres. Michel Djotodia since March 2013
Chad - Pres. Idriss Déby since December 1990
Chile - Pres. Sebastián Piñera since March 2010
China - Pres. Xi Jinping since November 2012
Colombia - Pres. Juan Manuel Santos since August 2010
Comoros - Pres. Ikililou Dhoinine since May 2011
Democratic Republic of the Congo - Pres. Joseph Kabila since January 2001
Republic of the Congo - Pres. Denis Sassou Nguesso since October 1997
Costa Rica - Pres. Laura Chinchilla since May 2010
Côte d'Ivoire - Pres. Alassane Ouattara since December 2010
Croatia - Pres. Ivo Josipović since February 2010
Cyprus - Pres. Nicos Anastasiades since February 2013
Czech Republic - Pres. Miloš Zeman since March 2013
Djibouti - Pres. Ismaïl Omar Guelleh since May 1999
Dominica - Pres. Eliud Williams since September 2012
Dominican Republic - Pres. Danilo Medina since August 2012
Ecuador - Pres. Rafael Correa since January 2007
Egypt - Pres. Mohamed Morsi since June 2012
Equatorial Guinea - Pres. Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo since August 1979
Eritrea - Pres. Isaias Afewerki since April 1991
Estonia - Pres. Toomas Hendrik Ilves since October 2006
Ethiopia - Pres. Girma Wolde-Giorgis since October 2001
Fiji - Pres. Epeli Nailatikau since July 2009
Finland - Pres. Sauli Niinistö since March 2012
France - Pres. François Hollande since May 2012
Gabon - Pres. Ali Bongo Ondimba since October 2009
Gambia - Pres. Yahya Jammeh since July 1994
Georgia - Pres. Mikheil Saakashvili since January 2008
Germany - Pres. Joachim Gauck since March 2012
Ghana - Pres. John Dramani Mahama since July 2012
Greece - Pres. Karolos Papoulias since March 2005
Guatemala - Pres. Otto Pérez Molina since January 2012
Guinea - Pres. Alpha Condé since December 2010
Guinea-Bissau - Acting Pres. Manuel Serifo Nhamadjo since May 2012
Guyana - Pres. Donald Ramotar since December 2011
Haiti - Pres. Michel Martelly since May 2011
Honduras - Pres. Porfirio Lobo Sosa since January 2010
Hungary - Pres. János Áder since May 2012
Iceland - Pres. Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson since August 1996
India - Pres. Pranab Mukherjee since July 2012
Indonesia - Pres. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono since October 2004
Iran - Pres. Mahmoud Ahmadinejad since August 2005
Iraq - Pres. Jalal Talabani since April 2005
Ireland - Pres. Michael D. Higgins since November 2011
Israel - Pres. Shimon Peres since July 2007
Italy - Pres. Giorgio Napolitano since May 2006
Kazakhstan - Pres. Nursultan Nazarbayev since April 1990
Kenya - Pres. Uhuru Kenyatta since April 2013
Kiribati - Pres. Anote Tong since July 2003
Kosovo - Pres. Atifete Jahjaga since April 2011
Kyrgyzstan - Pres. Almazbek Atambayev since December 2011
Laos - Pres. Choummaly Sayasone since March 2006
Latvia - Pres. Andris Bērziņš since July 2011
Lebanon - Pres. Michel Suleiman since May 2008
Liberia - Pres. Ellen Johnson Sirleaf since January 2006
Lithuania - Pres. Dalia Grybauskaitė since July 2009
Macedonia - Pres. Gjorge Ivanov since May 2009
Malawi - Pres. Joyce Banda since April 2012
Maldives - Pres. Mohammed Waheed Hassan since February 2012
Mali - Acting Pres. Dioncounda Traoré since April 2012
Malta - Pres. George Abela since April 2009
Marshall Islands - Pres. Christopher Loeak since January 2012
Mauritania - Pres. Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz since August 2009
Mauritius - Pres. Kailash Purryag since July 2012
México - Pres. Enrique Peña Nieto since December 2012
Micronesia - Pres. Manny Mori since May 2007
Moldova - Pres. Nicolae Timofti since March 2012
Mongolia - Pres. Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj since June 2009
Montenegro - Pres. Filip Vujanović since May 2003 (elected in 2003, 2008 & 2013)
Mozambique - Pres. Armando Guebuza since February 2005
Myanmar - Pres. Thein Sein since March 2011
Nagorno-Karabakh - Pres. Bako Sahakyan since September 2007
Namibia - Pres. Hifikepunye Pohamba since March 2005
Nauru - Pres. Sprent Dabwido since November 2011
Nepal - Pres. Ram Baran Yadav since July 2008
Nicaragua - Pres. Daniel Ortega since January 2007
Niger - Pres. Mahamadou Issoufou since April 2011
Nigeria - Pres. Goodluck Jonathan since May 2010
Northern Cyprus - Pres. Derviş Eroğlu since April 2010
Pakistan - Pres. Asif Ali Zardari since September 2008
Palau - Pres. Tommy Remengesau since January 2013
Palestine - Pres. Mahmoud Abbas since January 2005
Panama - Pres. Ricardo Martinelli since July 2009
Paraguay - Pres. Federico Franco since June 2012; Pres.-Elect Horacio Cartes takes office in August 2013
Peru - Pres. Ollanta Humala since July 2011
Philippines - Pres. Benigno Aquino III since June 2010
Poland - Pres. Bronisław Komorowski since August 2010
Portugal - Pres. Aníbal Cavaco Silva since March 2006
Romania - Pres. Traian Băsescu since August 2012
Russia - Pres. Vladimir Putin since May 2012
Rwanda - Pres. Paul Kagame since March 2000
El Salvador - Pres. Mauricio Funes since June 2009
São Tomé and Príncipe - Pres. Manuel Pinto da Costa since September 2011
Senegal - Pres. Macky Sall since April 2012
Serbia - Pres. Tomislav Nikolić since May 2012
Seychelles - Pres. James Michel since April 2004
Sierra Leone - Pres. Ernest Bai Koroma since September 2007
Singapore - Pres. Tony Tan since September 2011
Slovakia - Pres. Ivan Gašparovič since June 2004
Slovenia - Pres. Borut Pahor since December 2012
Somalia - Pres. Hassan Sheikh Mohamud since September 2012
Somaliland - Pres. Ahmed Mahamoud Silanyo since July 2010
South Africa - Pres. Jacob Zuma since May 2009
South Korea - Pres. Park Geun-hye since February 2013
South Ossetia - Pres. Leonid Tibilov since April 2012
South Sudan - Pres. Salva Kiir Mayardit since July 2011
Sri Lanka - Pres. Mahinda Rajapaksa since November 2005
Sudan - Pres. Omar al-Bashir since June 1989
Suriname - Pres. Dési Bouterse since August 2010
Syria - Pres. Bashar al-Assad since July 2000
Tanzania - Pres. Jakaya Kikwete since December 2005
Taiwan - Pres. Ma Ying-jeou since May 2008
Tajikistan - Pres. Emomalii Rahmon since November 1994
Timor-Leste - Pres. Taur Matan Ruak since May 2012
Togo - Pres. Faure Gnassingbé since May 2005
Transnistria - Pres. Yevgeny Shevchuk since December 2011
Trinidad and Tobago - Pres. Anthony Carmona since March 2013
Tunisia - Pres. Moncef Marzouki since December 2011
Turkey - Pres. Abdullah Gül since August 2007
Turkmenistan - Pres. Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow since February 2007
Uganda - Pres. Yoweri Museveni since January 1986
Ukraine - Pres. Viktor Yanukovych since February 2010
United Arab Emirates - Pres. Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan since November 2004
United States - Pres. Barack Obama since January 2009 (elected in 2008 & 2012)
Uruguay - Pres. José Mujica since March 2010
Uzbekistan - Pres. Islam Karimov since March 1990
Vanuatu - Pres. Iolu Abil since September 2009
Venezuela - Pres. Nicolás Maduro since April 2013 (elected in 2013)
Vietnam - Pres. Trương Tấn Sang since July 2011
Yemen - Pres. Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi since November 2011
Zambia - Pres. Michael Sata since September 2011
Zimbabwe - Pres. Robert Mugabe since December 1987
The truth is that women still vote because they have a relevant place in voting, and becasue women have the right to. Also women have an ID which lets them vote whenever there is a nee to.
What are the positive and negative effects of the Canadian confederation?
Well ... a positive effect of the confederation of Canada, would be the avoidance of annexation, (look it up in the dictionary) from the U.S. Another one would be the fact that they could control their own taxes, education, and military. Having one central government would allow the government to pass bills more easily, because before, there was a double majority, which meant, they both agreed, or nothing got passed(Canada West and Canada East always disagreed). One bad thing i can think of, is that the French would be somewhat assimilated into the English way. They felt like they were losing their culture by giving into a central government, that's why they wanted more provincial rights. Military control could also be kind of bad for the country. Before Canada became a country, Britain took control of all military aspects of Canada, which meant they also paid for everything. Taking control of the military also means you take control of the bill. Hope i could help.
Define fiscal policy and list the two things the government does that fall under fiscal policy?
Fiscal policy: the taxation and spending practices of the government
1. provide public needs, e.g. police, transportation, and an army
2. provide public assistance, e.g. healthcare and retirement
How did colonial government differ from the british government?
colonists' rights were defined by formal documents. british rights were defined by laws and tradition
How many constitutions have the French had?
At least fifteen, not all of which were put into force.
This high number is partly due to the political turmoil in France in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, and partly due to the fact that a French constitution would usually be entirely re-written rather than amended gradually.
As an absolute monarchy, France had no constitutional document; it relied on tradition and precedent to determine how the kingdom worked.
During the French Revolution (beginning in 1789) there were a number of attempts to write a French constitution. The first was written in 1791 and made France a constitutional monarchy, like Great Britain. A second, republican constitution was written in 1793 but never implemented. There were two more republican constitutions in 1795 (establishing the Directory) and 1799 (establishing the Consulate).
A new constitution revised the earlier one in 1801, creating the position of First Consul for Napoleon Bonaparte. Two years later another constitution created the French Empire, with Napoleon as Emperor.
After Napoleon was deposed, in 1814 the House of Bourbon was restored under King Louis XVIII. This time, Louis ruled as a constitutional monarch under the Charter of 1814. But this Charter was overthrown in less than a year when Napoleon escaped his exile in Elba and returned to France.
Napoleon created a new constitution for the Empire, but this also lasted only a short time, because he was defeated at the Battle of Waterloo and sent back into exile (the so-called "Hundred Days" of 1815).
After this, the House of Bourbon ruled under a new monarchial constitution, the Charter of 1815, the basic principles of which were to remain France's constitution until 1848.
In 1830, King Charles X was deposed in favour of King Louis-Philippe (the "Citizen King") and the Charter was amended. This probably counts as a new constitution, although the governmental structure was not that different compared to previous revolutions.
Another revolution in 1848 deposed Louis and re-created France as a republic, with yet another republican constitution.
This constitution lasted until 1852, when the President (Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte) crowned himself Emperor Napoleon III and created a new constitution, ruling as a constitutional monarch.
Napoleon III ruled until 1871, when France was defeated in the Fraco-Prussian war. France was declared a republic again (the Third Republic), and it stayed that way until the French defeat in World War II in 1940.
The French government surrendered to the Germans, and Marchal Phillipe Petain (a World War I hero) declared himself ruler of France and led a military dictatorship in the town of Vichy. This pro-Nazi government was not accepted by the Free French movement.
The Vichy government was overthrown when the Allies liberated France in 1944. A temporary government under President Charles de Galle was established, with a temporary constitution. In 1946, a permanent republican constitution was adopted (the "Fourth Republic").
The Fourth Republic lasted until 1958, when the government collapsed. A new constitution was written and Charles de Galle returned as President. This is the "Fifth Republic" and this constitution, with amendments, governs France today.
Why might US have a hard time trusting Iran's government?
The mistrust with Iran goes back about 40 years. When the king was overthrown the revolution took place and religious radicals took over. The US had supported the king. In the late 1970's the American embassy was attacked and 54 Americans were taken hostage by the Iranian government. Carter was president at the time and talks didn't go well. He also had a failed attempt by special forces to rescue the hostages. When Reagan took office he took over where Carter left off in negotiations and managed to free the hostages. He took credit for this, but it seems Carter had all ready done the hard work. From that point on our relationship with Iran has not been good. When they fought a war with Iraq the US supported Iraq. That war lasted 7 years and at the end both parties were in the same spots where they started. In the mean time Iran also developed abilities in gas warfare and atomic research. Their stance with Israel and threats also added pressure to the US / Iran relationship and all along they have pushed to develop nuclear bombs. They have done things to hide their research and the missiles as well as broken agreements concerning how far along they are in development. Since the fall of Russia out of work scientists have gone to Iran to work on their program. Iran has done very little to make themselves trustworthy and have been sneaky about what they are doing. Yet, we can NOT afford a war with them and need to take a chance that diplomacy will work.
Identify the origins of the two-party political system in the US?
who is the senate is not right... sorry but I have been doing a 500 word paper for my ROTC class and back then the Anti-federalists are what today is the decmocrats and the federalists are now called the rebulicians
As a result of China having a Nationalist government that had been recognized by the world, communist factions began to fight with the nationalists, and civil war broke out. Although the Chinese Communist Party eventually won the bulk of China, there has never been an actual treaty ending the civil war.
What was Poland's role in World War 2?
World War 2 started with aggression of Germany against Poland in September 1, 1939. On September 17 forces of Red Army entered the theatre of operations. The invasion lasted until October 6, when major remaining military resistance capitulated. The government of Poland migrated first to Romania, then to England. As a result of war, 6.5 millions of citizens of Poland lost their lives, with 10% of it on battlefield (which is more than UK and US casualties from this war combined). After the aggression of Germany against Soviet Union, thousands of Polish prisoners were released from work camps and prisons to join a new military unit, commonly called "Anders' Army." This newly made unit gained fame in battlefields in Egypt and Italy, especially during the Battle of Monte Casino.
Meanwhile in Poland numerous resistance groups were created. The most numerous, Home Army, counted approximately 400,000-500,000 volunteers. Their actions varied from disruption of axis logistics to freeing prisoners. Quite a few uprising were organized, like "Warsaw Ghetto Uprising" or the "Warsaw Uprising" (not the same events). Unfortunately, during the last year of the war Yalta conference decided future destiny of Poland. The three winning leaders, namely Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Stalin, decided to let Poland be politically annexed by Soviet Union, which was later on recognized by both, Potsdam conference, and by recognition of the puppet communist government in Poland. This disloyalty passed to history as the "Western betrayal", and caused a great upset both among soldiers, British politicians (Baron Henry Strauss et al), and Polish population.
Poland ended the war in a tragic situation, and it had to stay this way for years to come. Political, scientific, and educational elites murdered or exiled. A puppet Soviet-controlled government established and ensured by Red Army stationed within the boarders. Economy and infrastructure ruined, and extreme losses in lives. Also, a memory of betrayal from both, their allies and Soviet Union, created a bitter awareness of isolation, which is strong even today.
Poland was invaded by the Germans. World War 2 broke out 2 days later.
What is an unwritten constitution?
the "unwritten constitution" consists of certain practices and traditions usually occurring in the government even though they were not included in any document. Some examples of the unwritten constitution are a two-party political system and the presidential cabinet.
The United Nations was founded October 24, 1945.
@Sswimward
-Twix-
How do citizens participate in a republic?
we in u.s.gay dont do anything but sit around a eat MC all day long
What is an example of the evolutionary theory of government?
Tribal communities are good examples of evolutionary theory of government, because the family unit is often important but overseen by a leader. A biblical example is the 12 tribes of Jacob because the head of the family formed the larger government. Each tribe was headed by one of Jacobs son, and Jacob ruled over them all.
What is the state of Oregon flag?
Every state has there own flag and it doesn;t have 2 be the same as our countrys.
Thats is true, but the Oregon flag is also two sided, the only other two sided flag is the country of Paraguay.
What is the structure of the federal parliament?
The federal Australian parliament has two houses. These include the House of Representatives and The Senate. The party with a majority of seats in the House of Representatives makes the government.
What does colonial grievances mean?
The grievances that the U.S. colonist had during the American Revolution.
What is a confederal structure of government?
This is where the state power is more then the central power... For Example: States can decide speed limit and Central controls drinking age... If it were a confederal government then each state would have more power to choose the legal drinking age
Is Italy limited or unlimited government?
Benito Mussolini's form of governing was unlimited governing just as all fascist ruling is in any country. The fascist leader can enact any rule he feels like enacting and he can personally have someone killed or punished according to his ideals for merely disobeying his rules. Example: Hitler and Stalin killed at willed, fired people at will and made their own rules at will. As of yet there have been no female fascist rulers with unlimited governing powers. Mussolini was finally seized and executed by the Italian general populace.
What are the requirements for members of the house of representatives?
- Be at least 25 years old.
- Be a U.S. citizen for the past 7 years.
- Live in the state they represent.
He or she must be a United States citizen for at least seven years
Who lived in Palestine before it became Israel?
Answer 1
there are many different veiws on who lived there first, i say that the Jews lived in israel first...... Palestine was never a country before the Palestinians and for Saudi Arabia i have no idea
The Hurrians, a people related to the Georgians of the Caucasus, lived in Israel (or Palestine) and Syria long before any Semite came near the area; they built the world's first dolmens in 10,000 BC; they are the Horites and Rephaim of the Bible (like Og and Goliath). In 9000 BC they built the world's first city in southern Turkey. They spoke a Kartvelian language. Northern Arabia was most likely inhabited by Hurrian relatives (around 10,000 BC) and southern Arabia was entirely Nilotic African. In 10,000 BC, an African tribe called the Nostratic people invaded southern Arabia from Ethiopia and eventually ended up on the southern shore of the Black Sea in Turkey. They were the ancestors of the Semites, Hamites, Indo-Europeans, Uralics, Altaics, and others. They brought the Adam story with them from Africa, and were the people involved in the Flood in 7300 BC.
Answer 2
Israel/Palestine: This area (prior to the Muslim conquest in 634-638 CE) was a Byzantine Imperial province. The majority of the population was likely Orthodox Christian with a substantial Jewish minority. The Christians would likely have identified as ethnically Byzantine, Phoenician, Canaanite, Samaritan, etc. The Jews would have identified only as Jews.
Saudi Arabia: The dominant population in Saudi Arabia since time immemorial was the Arabs. Prior to Islam, most Arabs were henotheists, which means that they believed in multiple gods but believed that one of those gods was superior to all of the others. Minorities of Arabs were Christians (mostly of heretical sects) and there were also a minority of Jewish Arabs.
Who were the enlightenment philosophers?
John Locke
Thomas Hobbes
Francois Marie Arouet, using pen name Voltaire
Baron de Montesquieu
Jean Jacques Rosseau
Cesare Bonesana Beccaria
Mary Wollstonecraft
What are the functions of ecowas?
the functions of ECOWAS include:
1. ECOWAS promotes co-operation and integration in economic, social and cultural activities among its member nations.
2. ECOWAS prevents and settles regional conflicts
3. ECOWAS contributes to the progress nd development of the African continent
